糖尿病对听力及耳蜗形态学结构影响的相关因素

背景：糖尿病是多种病因引起以高血糖为特征的代谢紊乱内分泌性疾病,由于患者长期高血糖状态可引起微血管病变,导致患者听力下降、耳鸣。糖尿病与听力损伤的关系密切,糖尿病听力损伤的发病机制可能与糖尿病引起的微血管病变和代谢紊乱有关。 目的：从耳蜗微循环、细胞稳态、遗传及衰老等方面了解糖尿病听力损伤的原因,来揭示目前尚未完全明确的糖尿病听力损伤机制,为临床治疗方案的选择和预后的判断提供根据。 方法：糖尿病与听力损伤的关系密切,糖尿病听力损伤的发病机制可能与糖尿病引起的微血管病变和代谢紊乱有关。从耳蜗微循环、细胞稳态、遗传及衰老等方面了解糖尿病听力损伤的原因,来揭示目前尚未完全明确的糖尿病听力损伤机制。 结果与结论：糖尿病患者听力损伤属于糖尿病微血管病变,耳蜗微循环在听觉生理中起着十分重要的作用,内耳许多疾病与微循环障碍有关,耳蜗微循环障碍引起耳蜗缺血和缺血后再灌注损伤是导致听力损伤的重要原因。

Diabetes mellitus impacts hearing and cochlear morphology

BACKGROUND:Diabetes, characterized as hyperglycemia, is a metabolic disorder endocrine disease caused by a variety of causes. The long-term hyperglycemic state can cause microvascular diseases which lead to the hearing loss and tinnitus. Diabetes is closely correlated with hearing impairment, and the pathogenesis of diabetes hearing loss may be related to diabetes-induced microvascular disease and metabolic disorders. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the causes of diabetes hearing loss from the aspects of cochlear microcirculation, cell homeostasis, genetic and aging, in order to identify the mechanism of diabetes hearing loss that is yet unclear, and to provide judgment basis for the selection and prognosis of the treatment methods. METHODS:Diabetes was closely related to hearing loss, and the pathogenesis of diabetes hearing loss may be related to diabetes-induced microvascular disease and metabolic disorders. The reasons for diabetes hearing loss were explored from the aspects of cochlear microcirculation, cell homeostasis, genetic and aging in order to identify the mechanism of diabetes hearing loss that has not yet clear. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Diabetes hearing loss is a diabetic microangiopathy. Cochlear microcirculation plays an important role in auditory physiology, and many inner ear diseases are correlated with microcirculation. Therefore, cochlear microcirculation-induced cochlear ischemia and reperfusion injury is the main reason for diabetes hearing loss.