中西药物预防人工髋关节假体置换后下肢深静脉血栓形成

背景：药物治疗和物理疗法对人工髋关节假体置换后下肢深静脉血栓形成的预防和治疗有积极作用。 目的：探讨中西药物预防人工髋关节假体置换后下肢深静脉血栓形成的疗效。 方法：收集中药和西药预防人工髋关节假体置换后下肢深静脉血栓形成的相关文献，分析不同药物对下肢深静脉血栓的作用机制，比较中药和西药在治疗和预防人工髋关节假体置换后下肢深静脉血栓形成的疗效及安全性。 结果与结论：磺达肝癸钠在预防骨科大手术后总深静脉血栓形成的作用大于依诺肝素，利伐沙班在减少关节置换后患者隐性失血量方面优于低分子肝素。中药在人工髋关节假体置换后下肢深静脉血栓形成的预防上选用益气活血和改善血液循环的方法，如活血通脉汤、桃红四物汤等，还有补阳还五汤、佛手通瘀汤、活血通栓饮、加味桃核承气汤等，在下肢深静脉血栓预防和治疗效果方面均较好。中西药的比较研究中发现，中药或中西药联合对预防人工髋关节假体置换后下肢深静脉血栓形成与西药效果相同，且安全性较高。

Chinese and western medicines prevent deep venous thrombosis after hipreplacement

BACKGROUND:Medication and physical therapy have a positive effect on the prevention and treatment of deep venous thrombosis after hip replacement. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy of Chinese and western medicines on the prevention of deep venous thrombosis after hip replacement. METHODS:The literatures related to the effect of Chinese and western medicines on the prevention of deep venous thrombosis after hip replacement were collected to analyze the mechanism of different methods in the preventing of deep venous thrombosis, and to compare the efficacy and safety of Chinese and western medicines on the treatment and prevention of deep venous thrombosis after hip replacement. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The effect of fondaparinux sodium on the prevention of total deep vein thrombosis after major orthopedic surgery was better than enoxaparin, and the rivaroxaban was better than low molecular weight heparin in reducing hidden hemorrhage of the patients after joint replacement. Observation from the Chinese medicines, methods of qi-benifiting and blood-activating and blood circulation improvement were used to prevent deep vein thrombosis after hip replacement, and the Huoxuetongmai decoction, Taohongsiwu decoction, Buyanghuanwu decoction, Fushoutongyu decoction, Huoxuetongshuan decoction and Jiaweitaohechengqi decoction had better effect in preventing and treating the deep vein thrombosis. Research on the comparison between Chinese and western medicines found that Chinese medicine or the Chinese and western medicines composition has the same effect in preventing deep vein thrombosis after hip replacement with high safety.