煅烧与冻干制备去抗原异种骨支架材料的性能

背景：异种骨因其结构及生物特性与人体骨相似,经理化处理后抗原性降低,具有多孔结构,并且来源丰富、可以长期保存等特点,被认为是解决自体骨与异体骨来源不足的有效方法。 目的：比较2种不同处理方法处理后去抗原异种松质骨支架材料的各项理化特性。 方法：将经过化学方法处理的羊松质骨放入马弗炉中,在1 000 ℃高温下煅烧2 h制备成煅烧骨,将另一组经过化学处理的羊松质骨放入-80 ℃冰箱中冷冻4周,然后在真空仪器中干燥制备成冻干骨,将经过超纯水冲洗干净的羊松质骨当做对照组。 结果与结论：3组样品均保留与人体骨组织类似的多孔三维结构,通过微观观察,它们的框架保存完整,有较小的孔隙(55-650 μm)和较高的孔隙率(65%-80%),煅烧后的支架材料韧性降低而脆性明显增加,冷冻干燥处理后力学性能则下降不大,经过衍射分析仪测定它们的主要成分为羟基磷灰石,但煅烧组中还含有少量的β-磷酸三钙,而能谱分析则证实3组的钙磷含量比均接近人体的钙磷比。结果提示经过这两种方法处理的松质骨与人体骨组织结构相似,其中各主要元素的含量比也与人体接近,而且具有足够小的孔隙和较高的孔隙率,但是煅烧处理对支架材料的力学性能影响比较大,而经过冷冻干燥处理力学性能下降不大但无法完全去除材料中的抗原成分,它们基本能达到骨组织工程支架材料的基本要求。 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：

Xenogeneic bone properties prepared by calcination and freeze-dried methods

BACKGROUND:Xenogeneic bone structure and biological characteristics are similar to human bone tissue, and the xenogeneic bone has a decreased antigenicity after physicochemical treatment, with a natural porous structure and rich source, and can be kept for a long time, which is considered to be an effective way to solve the shortage of the autogenous bone and allograft bone. OBJECTIVE:To compare the physical and chemical properties of xenogenic bone materials prepared by two different methods. METHODS:Sheep cancellous bone treated with chemical method was placed into the muffle furnace at 1 000 ℃ for 2 hours to prepare calcined bone. Another cancellous bone was placed into an 80 ℃ refrigerator for 4 weeks and then placed into a vacuum instrument to prepare freeze-dried bone. Cancellous bone rinsed with ultra-pure water served as controls. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Three groups of samples retained three-dimensional porous structure which similar with human bone tissue under microscopic observation. The framework was still intact, with a small pore of 55-650 μm and high porosity of 65%-80%. For the calcined bone, the toughness was decreased and the brittleness increased significantly, but the freeze-dried bone had a little changes in the mechanical properties. Through diffraction analysis, hydroxyapatite was the main composition of the three groups. However, there was a small amount of β-tricalcium phosphate in the calcined bone. Spectrum analysis confirmed that calcium and phosphorus content in these three groups were all close to the human body. The results suggest the cancellous bone treated with these two methods is similar to human bone structure, and the major elements are close to the body. In addition, the cancellous bone after processing has enough small pore and higher porosity. However, calcination process has a more influence on the mechanical property of scaffold materials, and the freeze-dried bone has a little change but the antigen cannot be completely removed that can reach the basic requirements.