纳米脱钙骨基质促进骨愈合

背景：纳米脱钙骨基质具有较大的表面积/体积比，纳米颗粒团聚后在表面自然形成不规则的纳米沟槽，可促进成骨细胞在其表面黏附生长及基质分泌。 目的：评价纳米脱钙骨基质作为骨移植替代物的植骨融合能力。 方法：以改良Urist法制备人同种异体脱钙骨基质，使用液氮冷冻球磨机及MICROS超细粉碎机制备纳米脱钙骨基质。咬除家兔L2-4双侧小关节及双侧椎板和横突表面皮质骨，随机分为3组，分别在腰椎椎板及横突间植入纳米脱钙骨基质、脱钙骨基质及自体骨，术后4，8，12周通过影像学、组织学观察植骨融合效果。 结果与结论：①X射线与CT表现：术后12周，纳米脱钙骨基质组椎板、附件形态已接近正常节段，新生骨与椎板间隙完全消失，新生骨与植骨床骨质密度均匀一致；脱钙骨基质组植骨区域椎板表面有少量新生骨块影，在新生骨与椎板表面尚有一定间隙；自体骨组椎板与植骨融合界面愈合良好，植骨区有新生骨块影，融合骨块质地均匀。②组织学表现：术后12周，纳米脱钙骨基质被新生骨替代，与椎板间形成骨性连接，新生骨内可见大量骨细胞，与自体骨组效果相似；脱钙骨基质组植骨区达到骨性愈合，新生骨内可见板层样骨，也有类骨物质。表明纳米脱钙骨基质具有良好的成骨诱导能力，是自体骨移植的良好替代物。

Nano decalcified bone matrix promotes bone fusion

BACKGROUND: Nano decalcified bone matrix has a bigger surface area/volume ratio. Irregular nano-cannelure will appear on the surface when nanoparticles are agglomerated, thereby promoting osteoblasts to grow and excrete matrix on the surface. OBJECTIVE: To assess the bone graft and fusion of nano decalcified bone matrix as a bone graft substitute. METHODS: The completely decalcified bone matrix was produced by improved Urist method, and the nano decalcified bone matrix was produced by liquid nitrogen frozen ball mill equipment and MICROS super fine mill. Nano decalcified bone matrix, decalcified bone matrix and autogenous bone were, respectively, implanted into the bilateral lumbar laminae and transverse process of rabbits undergoing removal of cortical bone on the surface of the bilateral lumbar laminae and transverse process. Fusion level at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation was observed through iconography and histology. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: X-ray and CT manifestations: 12 weeks after operation, the lumbar lamina of nano decalcified bone matrix group gained favorable bony fusion, the laminar space disappeared completely, and the bone mineral density of new bone and fusion bed was uniformity. There was a small amount of new bone tissues on the implanted region of decalcified bone matrix group, and the new bone did not gain favorable bony fusion. Autologous bone graft gained good bony fusion. Histological results: 12 weeks after operation, show that nano decalcified bone matrix was replaced by new bone, forming a bony connection with the lumbar lamina. A great quantity of osteocytes could be seen in the new bone after nano decalcified bone matrix grafting similar to autologuos bone grafting. The groups of decalcified bone matrix and autologous bone also gained bony fusion. In the decalcified bone matrix group, lamellar bone and neoplastic bone were visible in the new bone. Nano decalcified bone matrix possesses a better capacity of osteogenic induction, which is an outstanding substitute for autogenous bone.