雌激素神经保护作用研究进展

近年来，雌激素的神经保护作用日益受到关注，大量研究数据表明雌激素在神经保护中的作用，然而，其调控的分子机制尚不清楚。本文综述了雌激素的神经保护作用及其可能发挥神经保护作用相关机制的资料，包括经典的雌激素受体介导途径，MAPK信号转导的激活途径，直接减弱谷氨酸受体活化，抗氧化活性机制，线粒体功能调节机制等。雌激素是调节多方面神经功能的多方位激素，尚未有单一的作用机制能够阐明雌激素的神经保护作用。

Progress on the Neuroprotective Effects of Estrogen

In the past few years, there has been a growing interest in the neuroprotective effects of estrogen. An increasing amount of data suggest a neuroprotective role for estrogen; however, the molecular mechanisms whereby estrogen exerts these actions are unclear. In this review, we summarized the data supporting neuroprotection and the potential mechanisms that may contribute to these neuroprotective effects, including classical estrogen receptor activity, activation of the MAPK signaling transduction pathways, attenuation of glutamate receptor activation, antioxidant activity and regulation of mitochondrial function. Estrogen is a multi-faceted hormone modulating many aspects of neuronal function and no single mechanism of action has been elucidated for the neuroprotective effects of estrogens.