小肠黏膜下层与滑膜间充质干细胞的组织相容性

背景：小肠黏膜下层有抗微生物活性、良好的生物相容性及生物力学性能，能在体内快速降解，与半月板纤维软骨细胞的胞外基质相近。 目的：观察小肠黏膜下层与滑膜间充质干细胞是否有良好的组织相容性。 方法：先后采用物理方法与化学方法处理猪小肠黏膜下层，并进行苏木精-伊红染色和扫描电镜观察。制备小肠黏膜下层浸提液，行以下实验：①热源实验：在新西兰大白兔耳缘静脉注射小肠黏膜下层浸提液。②皮肤致敏实验：在新西兰大白兔背部皮内分别注射小肠黏膜下层浸提液、多聚甲醛溶液及生理盐水。③全身毒性实验：在新西兰大白兔耳缘静脉分别注射小肠黏膜下层浸提液与生理盐水。将小肠黏膜下层与成骨诱导的兔滑膜间充质干细胞共培养，以小肠黏膜下层单独培养为对照。 结果与结论：经物理处理过的小肠黏膜下层表面仍然存在小肠黏膜上皮细胞、脂肪细胞和一些其他细胞黏附；经化学方法处理后其残留的细胞数量明显减少，但主要结构和成分未被改变。小肠黏膜下层黏膜面较肌层面光滑，无细胞残留，表面纤维组织交错形成疏松的三维网状立体结构，孔隙率为80%。小肠黏膜下层是一种无毒、无刺激、无免疫原性，生物相容性很好的生物材料，与兔滑膜间充质干细胞具有良好的组织相容性。

Histocompatibility between small intestinal submucosa and synovial mesenchymal stem cells

BACKGROUND:Small intestinal submucosa is characterized as antimicrobial activity, good biocompatibility, bio-mechanical properties, and rapid degradation in vivo, similar to the extracellular matrix of meniscal fibrochondrocytes. OBJECTIVE:To observe whether there exists a good histocompatibility between small intestinal submucosa and synovial mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:Small intestinal submucosa was treated with physical and chemical treatment. And hematoxylin-eosin staining and scanning electron microscopy observation were performed. Then, small intestinal submucosa extracts were prepared for the following experiments. (1) Pyrogenic test: small intestinal submucosa extracts were injected into the ear vein of New Zealand white rabbits. (2) Skin sensitization test: small intestinal submucosa extracts, paraformaldehyde solution and normal saline were respectively injected intradermally into New Zealand white rabbits. (3) General toxicity test: small intestinal submucosa extracts and normal saline were respectively injected into the ear vein of New Zealand white rabbits. Small intestinal submucosa was co-cultured with osteogenic rabbit synovial mesenchymal stem cells, and small intestinal submucosa cultured alone served as control. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were some intestinal mucosal epithelial cells, fat cells and other cells adhered onto the surface of small intestinal submucosa after physical treatment. While, the amount of residual cells decreased sharply after chemical treatment. But the main structure and the component had not been changed. The surface of small intestinal submucosa was smooth and no cells remained, and there was a three-dimension network spatial structure. The porosity was 80%. Small intestinal submucosa is a non-toxic, nonirritating, non-immunogenic biomaterial with very good biocompatibility, which has a good histocompatibility with rabbit synovial mesenchymal stem cells.