角膜移植与B7分子

随着角膜移植手术技巧的改进,移植成功率明显提高,移植术后的免疫排斥反应越来越成为移植失败的主要原因。角膜移植免疫排斥反应是一个复杂的反应过程,受多种因素的调节。致敏T淋巴细胞在角膜移植排斥反应中起着重要的作用,是角膜排斥过程中的主要效应细胞。而T淋巴细胞的激活需要两个信号刺激,即除了通过APC递呈MHC处理过的抗原给抗原特异性T细胞提供第1信号外,还需协同刺激分子作为辅助信号的协同作用,才能使T细胞产生正常的免疫应答。如果缺少协同刺激分子的第2信号,将会导致调节性T细胞的无反应性或特异性免疫耐受。随着研究的深入,协同刺激信号已逐渐成为角膜移植免疫学研究的热点领域。B7分子作为重要的协同刺激分子,在角膜移植免疫排斥反应的发生及其治疗中起着重要作用。

Corneal allograft and B7

Corneal allograft is the most effective treatment for blindness caused by corneal diseases,but corneal graft rejection reaction is the primary concern of corneal allograft.Corneal graft rejection is a complicated procedure which mainly involved by T lymphocyte.The activation of T cells need two signals,that is to say,the specific activation of T cells must have the co-stimulatory signal besides the signal of the compound of the specific T cell receptor(TCR/CD3).If human body lacks the co-stimulatory action,T cell response does not occur or immunologic tolerance takes place.With the development of the research,co-stimulatory molecules have gradually become a hot research field of corneal transplantation immunology in the treatment of corneal blindness.And as main co-stimulatory molecules of T lymphocyte activation,B7 plays a very important role in the occurrence and treatment of corneal graft rejective reaction.