丰台区流动人口学生家长艾滋病健康教育实践及效果评价

目的了解流动人口学生家长艾滋病相关知识,以及对艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者和艾滋病（AIDS）病人的态度,探索和评估流动人口家庭内的艾滋病健康教育模式对家长的影响。方法选取丰台区流动人口较为集中的7所中学,通过健康教育课对初中学生开展艾滋病防控健康教育后,学生将艾滋病知识宣传资料带回家中让家长学习。采用自行设计的调查问卷,在开展艾滋病健康教育前,从每所学校初中一、二年级各随机整群抽取1～2个班级的家长进行问卷调查,第2学期再次以相同的方式进行家长调查。结果健康教育前后分别对754名和756名学生家长进行了问卷调查。干预后学生家长的艾滋病知识知晓率从52.5%提高到88.1%（χ2=228.96,P〈0.01）,对艾滋病感染者的歧视率从71.2%降低到59.5%（χ2=19.34,P〈0.01）。结论学校主导、中学生与家长学习的方式进行艾滋病健康教育具有有效性和可行性,一定程度上提高了流动人口学生家长的艾滋病知识知晓率,降低了对HIV感染者的歧视。

The practice and evaluation of health education about HIV/AIDS carried out in floating population in Fengtai District of Beijing

Objective To understand the status of AIDS related knowledge and attitude in parents of junior middle school students who were floating population in Fengtai District of Beijing,and to explore and evaluate the impact of family health education on the parents.Methods Two cross-sectional surveys were conducted among parents of junior middle school students before and after AIDS related health education by students bringing materials and questionnaire home to their parents in seven schools in Fengtai District of Beijing where the floating population is more concentrated.Respectively and randomly by cluster sampling parents were picked out from one or two classes in each schools for the first and second cross-sectional surveys conducted by using self-designed questionnaire.Results Respectively,754 and 756parents were picked out for the first and second cross-sectional surveys.After the interventions of health education,awareness rate of HIV/AIDS knowledge increased from 52.5%to 88.1%（χ2=228.96,P〈0.01）,and the discrimination rate towards people living with HIV/AIDS decreased from 71.2%to59.5%（χ2=19.34,P〈0.01）.Conclusion The school-led and students-involved health education to parents is effective and feasible in improving parents’ knowledge about AIDS and anti-discrimination towards people living with HIV/AIDS in some extent.