江苏省不同职业人群吸烟行为、认知和态度分析

目的了解不同职业人群的吸烟行为、对吸烟相关知识的认知和对公共场所禁烟的态度。方法于2007年在江苏省南通市和张家港市医疗机构、学校、政府机关、公共交通场所、餐馆和网吧6类公共场所采取方便抽样的方法对516名相关工作人员进行调查，内容包括现在吸烟和被动吸烟暴露情况以及对吸烟相关知识认知和对公共场所禁烟的态度，并对吸烟相关知识和态度进行评分。结果男性现在吸烟率为51．2％，高于女性（0．3％），差别有统计学意义（P〈0．001），而女性被动吸烟暴露率（56．9％）与男性（65．7％）相比，差别无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。不同人群对吸烟或被动吸烟有害的正确认知率较高（均高于90％），但对被动吸烟具体危害的认知相对较低（均低于90％）。对各类场所全部或部分禁烟的支持率均较高，最低为网吧（83．7％），最高为学校（100．0％），但对与自身相关场所全面禁烟的支持率均低于其他职业人群。对男性职业、认知和态度与吸烟行为的非条件Logistic回归分析表明，服务行业人员吸烟危险高于其他职业人群（OR=3．40．95％CI：2．10～5．50），对吸烟相关知识和公共场所禁烟态度的评分越高。越可减少吸烟行为。结论服务行业人员的吸烟行为高于非服务行业人员，而对吸烟相关知识的正确认知和对禁烟的支持率却较低。应大力加强吸烟和被动吸烟危害的宣传．以改变不同职业人群对控烟的态度。

Behavior,Knowledge and Attitude of Cigarette Smoking among Different Occupational Population of Jiangsu Province in 2007

Objective To investigate behavior, knowledge and attitude of cigarette smoking, and their relationship among different occupational population in Jiangsu Province. Methods Convenient sampling was used to interview 516 staff from medical institution, schools, government offices, public transportations and waiting rooms, restaurants and internet bars. The content of interview included current smoking, second-hand smoking, and related knowledge and attitude. Results Proportion of current smoking in male （51.2%） was higher than that in female （0.3%, P〈0.01）. There was no difference in second-hand smoking ratio between female （56.9%） and male （65.7%）. Correct knowledge proportion was higher in ＂smoking or second- hand smoking do harm to health＂ （〉90%）, while it＇ s relatively lower in ＂second-hand smoking and exact related diseases＂ （〈90%）. The proportion of supporting total or partly ＇no-smoking＇ ranged from 83.7% （internet bar） to 100% （school）. Vocational staff showed lower supporting ratio in their own place than other occupation population did. Vocational staff in service trades had higher risk of cigarette smoking than that in other occupation populations （OR =3.4, 95% CI：2.1 -515）. Risk of cigarette smoking was negative associated with higher scores of smoking related knowledge or attitude. Conclusion Compared to other occupational population, the service workers had higher proportion of cigarette smoking and lower proportion of correct knowledge and attitude. Harmfulness of smoking and second-hand smoking should be intensively propagated to improve attitude to smoking control among different occupation population. No-smoking in working or public places should be established to promote no-smoking behavior.