Effects of S. mutans gene-modification and antibacterial monomer dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate on biofilm growth and acid production |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China;2. Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;3. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China;4. Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, China;5. Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan;6. Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics & Periodontics and Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China;7. Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;8. Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesAntibacterial quaternary ammonium monomers (QAMs) are used in resins. The rnc gene in Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) plays a key role in resisting antibiotics. The objectives of this study were to investigate for the first time: (1) the effects of rnc deletion on S. mutans biofilms and acid production; (2) the combined effects of rnc deletion with dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) on biofilm-inhibition efficacy.MethodsParent S. mutans strain UA159 (ATCC 700610) and the rnc-deleted S. mutans were used. Bacterial growth, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were measured to analyze the bacterial susceptibility of the parent and rnc-deleted S. mutans against DMAHDM, with the gold-standard chlorhexidine (CHX) as control. Biofilm biomass, polysaccharide and lactic acid production were measured.ResultsThe drug-susceptibility of the rnc-deleted S. mutans to DMAHDM or CHX was 2-fold higher than parent S. mutans. The drug-susceptibility did not increase after 10 passages (p < 0.05). Deleting the rnc gene increased the biofilm susceptibility to DMAHDM or CHX by 2-fold. The rnc-deletion in S. mutans reduced biofilm biomass, polysaccharide and lactic acid production, even at no drugs. DMAHDM was nearly 40 % more potent than the gold-standard CHX. The combination of rnc deletion + DMAHDM treatment achieved the greatest reduction in biofilm biomass, polysaccharide synthesis, and lactic acid production.SignificanceGene modification by deleting the rnc in S. mutans reduced the biofilm growth and acid production, and the rnc deletion + DMAHDM method showed the greatest biofilm-inhibition efficacy, for the first time. The dual strategy of antibacterial monomer + bacterial gene modification shows great potential to control biofilms and inhibit caries. |
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| Keywords: | Quaternary ammonium Dimethylaminohexadecyl Methacrylate Lactic acid Dental caries |
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