Effect of Aging and Carotid Atherosclerosis on Multifractality of Dental Pulp Blood Flow Oscillations |
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| Affiliation: | 1. DentalNet Research Group, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia;2. Vascular Surgery Clinic, “Dedinje” Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia;3. Department of Biophysics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia;4. Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia;1. Department of Dentistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil;2. Private Clinic, Belém, Pará, Brazil;3. Private Clinic, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil;4. Statistics Department, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil;1. Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;2. OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;3. Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil;4. Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden;1. Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey;2. Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey;1. Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisa São Leopoldo Mandic, Área de Endodontia, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Department of Morphology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Endodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionAge-related changes of dental pulp tissue and atherosclerosis of carotid arteries as its feeding arteries could influence the functionality of pulpal circulation. The objective of our study was to evaluate the effect of aging (physiological process) and carotid bifurcation atherosclerosis (pathologic process) on the pulpal microcirculatory system using multifractal analysis of the laser Doppler flowmetry signal.MethodsThree groups of 10 subjects were enrolled in the study: the young group (healthy subjects, 20–25 years), the middle-aged group (healthy subjects, 50–60 years), and the clinical group (subjects with carotid bifurcation atherosclerosis, 50–60 years). Pulpal blood flow (PBF) signals recorded by laser Doppler flowmetry were assessed by multifractal analysis that estimates Hölder exponents of the signal. PBF levels, the average mean values, and the range of Hölder exponents were obtained.ResultsPBF levels were significantly higher in the young group compared with the middle-aged and clinical groups, and the difference between the middle-aged and clinical groups was not statistically significant. The range of the Hölder exponents was narrower in the middle-aged and clinical groups than in the young group and narrower in the clinical group than in the middle-aged group. The average mean value of Hölder exponents was significantly higher in the young group than in the middle-aged and clinical groups, whereas there was no significant difference between the middle-aged and clinical groups.ConclusionsOur study investigating the multifractality of the PBF signal showed that the aging process and carotid atherosclerosis could affect the complex structure of PBF oscillations and contribute to a better understanding of pulpal hemodynamics. |
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| Keywords: | Aging atherosclerosis dental pulp laser Doppler flowmetry multifractal analysis |
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