Acoustic emission and finite element study on the influence of cusp angles on zirconia dental crowns |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Biomaterials Unit & Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Sydney Dental School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia;2. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;3. School of Electrical, Computer & Telecommunications Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia;4. ARC Centre for Automated Manufacture of Advanced Composites, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThe effect of cusp angle on the load-carrying capacity and failure behaviour of BionZ Diamond zirconia crowns is carried out using experimental and numerical investigations.MethodsThe experimental program using monolithic crowns were divided into three groups (n = 14) for three cusp angles, 60, 80 and 120 degrees and were tested to failure under the static load. A 2-channel acoustic emission (AE) system was used to monitor the failure process while the piezo sensors were attached to the rigid stainless-steel jig for recoding the AE events. Load-displacement and AE response were simultaneously monitored until failure of specimens. Parametric AE analysis was conducted for the factors such as amplitude, energy released, signal duration and cumulative counts, for each AE signal. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) was conducted to assess the frequency at failure. Linear finite element analysis (FEA) was carried out using commercial software Ansys Workbench 19.1 to present the stress distribution and failure modes. Post-failure surface morphology study was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and statistical analysis was performed using Weibull analysis.ResultsAll the samples in three different groups have failed at the mid-line, splitting the zirconia crowns into two equal pieces. The load to failure was directly proportional to the cusp angle in crowns; 120° group had the highest load-carrying capacity of 2.93 ± 0.26 kN while 60 and 80° groups had a failure load of 2.46 ± 0.53 and 2.52 ± 0.16 kN, respectively. Parametric AE analysis revealed that the failure was instantaneous and 60-degree samples had higher AE signature. FE analysis showed the crack initiation at the occlusal surface of the crown which is in agreement with the SEM images. A close agreement of results for the load and stress distribution from FEA complemented with the experimental study.SignificanceOptimisation of cusp-angle could help clinicians to accurately design the monolithic zirconia crown focussing on maximum load-carrying capacity, increasing the restoration life. |
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| Keywords: | Acoustic emission Dental crown Zirconia Cusp angle Stress concentration Crown failure |
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