原发性震颤患者伴发抑郁的发生率及相关因素

目的 研究原发性震颤(ET)患者抑郁的发生率及相关的因素.方法 应用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)对62例ET患者和60名健康体检者进行抑郁评定,以及对ET患者进行震颤评定量表(Fahn-Tolosa-Matin Tremor Rating Scale,TBS)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表评分.结果 62例ET患者中,有33例(53.2%)伴发抑郁,其中轻度抑郁22例(35.5%),中度抑郁11例(17.7%);60名对照组中7名(11.7%)伴发抑郁,其中轻度抑郁5名(8.3%),中度抑郁2名(3.3%),两组相比较差异具有统计学意义(X2=23.898、13.043、6.649,均P<0.01).ET患者抑郁组与非抑郁组HAMD各因子比较显示两组焦虑/躯体化、认知障碍、阻滞、睡眠障碍及绝望感差异均有统计学意义;抑郁组与非抑郁组PSQI总分及各因子比较显示PSQI总分、主观睡眠质量(F1)、入睡时间(F2)、睡眠干扰(F5)差异均有统计学意义.抑郁与ET症状的严重程度、睡眠质量、性别相关(β=0.589,P=0.000;β=0.469,P=0.000;β=0.256,P=0.027).结论 ET患者中抑郁有较高发生率,主要表现为情绪低落、工作和兴趣减退、忧虑、睡眠障碍、迟缓、自卑感等,抑郁程度与ET症状的严重程度、睡眠质量、性别相关.

Incidence of essential tremor associated with depression and related factors

Objective To study the incidence of depression in essential tremor (ET) and associated factors. Methods Depression in 62 ET patients and 60 healthy subjects as control was evaluated by means of Hamilton Depression Scale ( HAMD ) , as well as Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale (TRS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results Fifty-three point two percent(33/62) of ET patients and 11.7% (7/60) of healthy subjects were found to have at least mildly depression (HAMD score of 8 or higher), 35. 5% (22/62) of ET patients and 8. 3% (5/60) of healthy subjects fell into the mildly-to-mederately depression (HAMD score between 8 and 20 ), 17.7% (11/62) of ET patients and 3.3% (2/60) of healthy subjects were classified into moderately-to-severely depressed range (HAMD score between 21 and 35). There were statistical differences in ET group and healthy subjects group (X2= 23.898, 13.043, 6.649, all P <0.01). Additionally, there were statistical differences in anxiety/ somatization (t=-6.747, P<0.01), cognitive impairment (t=-2.017, P=0.05), block(t= -4.145, P<0.01), sleep disorders (t=-4.500, P<0.01) and despair (t=-3.591, P<0.01) between depression group and non-depression group. There were marked differences in PSQI total score ( t =-3.196, P=0.003 ), subjective sleep ( F1, t=-3.037, P=0.004), quality sleep latency (F2, t= -4.674, P<0.01) and sleep disturbances (F5, t=-2.594, P=0.013 ) between depression disorder group and non-depression disorder group. Meanwhile, the score of TRS, PSQI and sex were closely correlated with HAMD (β=0.589, P=0.000 ;β=0.469,P=0.000 ;β=0.256, P=0.027 ). Conclusions The incidence of depression is high in ET. Manifestation of depression are anxiety, reduced interest in work, sleep disorders, retardneas, inferiority complex, etc. The degree of symptoms relates to the severity of ET, sleep quality and gender.