疏风通络方对哮喘大鼠不同时相外周血和肺泡灌洗液嗜酸细胞数量变化的影响

目的：探讨疏风通络方对哮喘大鼠血液和肺泡灌洗液（BALF）嗜酸细胞（EOS）数量变化的影响。方法：选择SPF级雄性Wistar大鼠为研究对象，随机分为正常组、模型组、氟美松组、DPI组、中药低、中、高剂量组，共7组，每组大鼠36只。第1d致敏：正常组给予生理盐水1mL代替抗原腹腔注射致敏，而其他6组给予1mL造模液（含Ⅴ级卵清蛋白100mg，氢氧化铝100mg和灭活百日咳杆菌6×10^9个）腹腔注射致敏；第15d开始激发：将各组大鼠分别置于相同大小的雾化箱内，正常组给予生理盐水6mL雾化激发，其他6组给予5％的Ⅴ级卵清蛋白（OVA）溶液6mL雾化激发，每次激发前2h正常组给予生理盐水1mL灌胃，而其他6组给予相应的药物灌胃。各组每天激发1次，每次激发30min，连续激发10d。距首次激发后的0h、6h、12h、24h、72h、10d各时点分别麻醉下每组取6只大鼠心脏采血和肺泡灌洗（取材结束后大鼠失血死亡），然后迅速对血液和BALF标本进行EOS数量检测。结果：血中EOS数量变化：在不同时点模型组均高于正常组（P〈0．001）；各治疗组与模型组相比，氟美松组在0h、6h、12h、10d时点处于最低（P〈0．01或P〈0．001），DPI组在24h、72h时点处于最低，但二者之间比较没有显著差异（P〉0．05）；其他治疗组之间相比，0—72h各时点DPI组处于最低（P〈0．001），在10d时点中药高剂量组处于最低，且优于DPI组（P〈0．01）。BALF中EOS数量：在0h时点各组之间没有显著变化（P〉0．05）；在6h时除中药高剂量组外，模型组与其他治疗组和正常组之间均没有差异（P〉0．05）；在12h时点除模型组较正常组显著上升（P〈0．05），各治疗组与模型组之间及各治疗组之间均没有差异（P〉0．05）；在24h时点，模型组显著高于正常组（P〈0．01），各治疗组与模型组比较，只有氟美松有显著差异（P〈0．01）；在72h、10d时点模型组均显著高于正常组（P〈0．001），DPI组和中药低剂量组与模型组比较均没有差异（P〉0．05），氟美松组、中药中、高剂量组均与模型组比较有显著差异（P〈0．05或P〈0．01或P〈0．001），三者比较，氟美松组EOS数值最低，中药中、高剂量组之间比较没有显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论：氟美松对哮喘大鼠血和BALF中EOS数量的影响最大，能显著降低血和BALF中EOS数量，而中药疏风通络方起效、显效慢，效果始终不及氟美松。

Influence of Shufeng Tongluo Decoction on Eosinophiis Number in Peripheral Blood and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of Asthmatic Bats at Different Phases

Objective：To explore the effect of Shufeng Tongluo Decoction on eosinophils number in blood and bron- choalveolar lavage fluid（BALF） of asthmatic rats at different phases. Method： Wistar rats （SPF）were randomly divided into seven groups as follows ： normal group, model group, Dexamethasone group, DPI group, low - dose group of Chinese medicine, medium - dose group of Chinese medicine, and high - dose group of Chinese medicine, 36 rats per group. The rats in normal group were sensitized by intraperitoneally injecting normal saline 1 mL and ones in the other 6 groups by 1mL sensitization liquid which contained 100 mg OVA （ Grade V） , 100 mg aluminum hydroxide and 6 ×10^9 inactivated whooping cough bacili on the first day of the experimental study. From the 15th day on, the rats in normal group were ad- ministrated normal saline 1 mL orally and 2 hours later were challenged by 6 mL normal saline aerosol inhalation once a day, 30 min a time, keeping for 10 days; the rats in the other 6 groups were respectively administrated corresponding drugs orally and 2 hours later were challenged by 6 mL OVA （5% , V Grade） aerosol inhalation once a day, 30 min a time, keeping for 10 days. The blood and BALF specimens were collected from rats by surgery under anesthesia at 0 h,6 h, 12 h,24 h ,72 h, 10 d after first challenge（ rats death for blood loss） , then the EOS numbers in blood and BALF were detec- ted in a short time. Result ： Changes of EOS numbers in blood ： EOS number of model group in blood and BALF was higher than that of normal group at different phases （ P 〈 0. 001 ） ; compared with model group, EOS number of Dexamethasone group in blood and BALF was lowest at 0 h ,6 h, 12 h, 10 d （P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.001 ）, that of DPI group was lowest at 24 h,72 h,but there was no significant difference between them（ P 〉 0.05 ） ;compared among other treatment groups, EOS number of DPI group was lowest at 0 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,72 h （P 〈 0. 001 ） ,that of high dose group of Chinese medicine was lowest at 10d,and high dose group was superior to DPI group（P 〈 0.01 ）. Changes of EOS number in BALF：there was no significant difference among all groups at 0 h（ P 〉 0.05 ）. There was no significant difference between model group and any other group except high dose group of Chinese medicine at 6 h （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; EOS number of model group at 24 h was higher than that of normal group （P 〈 0.01 ） , compared with model group, Dexamethasone group was lowest in all treatment groups（P 〈 0.01 ） ; EOS number of model group at 72 h, 10 d was higher than that of normal group （ P 〈 0. 001 ）, both DPI and low- dose group were compared with model group, there was no significant difference（ P 〉 0.05 ） , but Dexamethasone group and medium - high dose group were compared with model group, there was more significant difference （ P 〈 0. 05 or P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0. 001 ） , and Dexamethasone group was lowest, there was no significant difference between medium - high dose group （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： Dexamethasone was the best and could significantly reduce EOS number in blood and BALF of asthmatic rats in a short time. Shufeng Tongluo Decoction took effect and obtained ob- vious effect slowly,but its effect is always inferior to Dexamethasone＇ s.