Molecular phylogeography of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in central Bangladesh |
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Authors: | Arif-Ul- Hasan Setsuo Suguri Chigusa Fujimoto Masakazu Harada Rashid Uz Zaman |
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Affiliation: | a Department of International Medical Zoology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1, Ikenobe, Miki-Chou, Kita-Gun, Kagawa-Ken 761-0793, Japan b Department of Biochemistry, Enam Medical College, Savar, Dhaka 1340, Bangladesh c Department of Biochemistry, Dhaka Community Medical College, Moghbazar, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh d Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kagawa Prefectural College of Health Sciences, 281, Hara, Mure-Chou, Takamatsu-Shi, Kagawa-Ken 761-0123, Japan e Health Systems and Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh f Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1, Ikenobe, Miki-Chou, Kita-Gun, Kagawa-Ken 761-0793, Japan |
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Abstract: | Mosquitoes in the Culex pipiens complex are a major vector of numerous parasitic and arboviral diseases. Here we report the phylogeography of a prevalent Culex mosquito, Cx. quinquefasciatus, from three locations in Bangladesh: Dhaka, Savar and Mymensingh. Sequence analysis of the genes encoding mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II, nuclear elongation factor-1 alpha, and acetylcholinesterase-2 revealed the lack of a population genetic structure among the three locations. Moreover, the highly divergent ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 suggests that this locus has not evolved in concert. The results further show evidence of historical introgression of internal transcribed spacer 2 from Cx. pipiens to Cx. quinquefasciatus of Bangladesh, and that the introgression occurred before Cx. quinquefasciatus had dispersed within this region. The study also reveals historical population expansion in this region, followed by a post-expansion Wolbachia sweep. |
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Keywords: | Bangladesh Culex quinquefasciatus Mitochondrial DNA Nuclear DNA Population genetic structure Phylogeography |
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