中小学教师预防近视相关KAP的TOPSIS法评价

目的了解中小学教师用眼卫生知识的知晓情况，对近视防治工作的态度以及存在的有利或不利于学生视力保护的行为，为制定近视防治措施提供依据。方法采取分层整群抽样的方法，从上海市某区中小学随机抽取1411名教师，运用自制的调查问卷获取教师用眼知识水平和对近视预防的态度、意愿以及存在的与学生视力有关的行为等，运用TOPSIS法做出综合评价。结果中小学教师用眼卫生知识的回答正确率都在75％以下，28．8％的中小学教师认为学生课本上的字太小，79．5％的教师认为学生使用的课桌椅不利于近视的预防；40．2％的中小学教师能够及时纠正学生中存在的不良用眼行为，56．0％的教师曾有拖课的行为；80．9％的教师认为应该对学生进行预防近视的教育，61．7％的教师认为近视是可以预防的，但仅有45．8％的中小学教师愿意参加近视预防活动。运用TOPSIS法分析的结果表明，小学教师近视预防综合评价的效果最佳，初中教师次之，高中教师最差。结论中小学教师用眼卫生知识水平较低，对近视预防活动的认识存在偏差．未能充分发挥其在学生近视预防过程中应有的作用.

KAP of Myopia Prevention Among Primary and Secondary School Teachers with TOPSIS Method

Objective To investigate teachers' knowledge,attitude and practice related to myopia prevention,and to provide evidence for the preventive measures against myopia.Methods With cluster sample method,1 411 teachers were selected from primary and secondary schools in a district in Shanghai.A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted to get the information about teachers' KAP related to myopia prevention.Comprehensive evaluation was made with TOPSIS method.Results The right answer rate on concerned knowledge were all lower than 75%.About 28.8% of the teachers thought that the characters in students' textbooks were too small,79.5% thought that the desks and chairs are not suitable to students' height,40.2% could correct students improper behavior when writing or reading,56.0% continued their education after class was over,80.9% thought it was necessary to conduct myopia prevention education among students.About 61.7% thought it was feasible to prevent myopia but only 45.8% of the teachers would like to join the related preventive activities.The results with the analysis of TOPSIS method indicated that the primary school teachers had the highest score in KAP,and the senior middle school teachers had the lowest.Conclusion The teachers' KAP related to myopia prevention is not quite good,and it does not fully play the role in students' myopia prevention.