骨盐除氟剂的高温再生研究(摘要)

由饮水摄入过量氟所致的地方性中毒目前仍是我国和世界上一些地区的严重的公共卫生问题。作为一种粗制骨盐的骨炭可用来降低饮水中氟含量达到饮水标准。但是，频繁的再生且需较多的氢氧化钠作为再生剂，不仅使水处理费用高且家庭除氟中也难以掌握。基于骨盐中的氟可在250－550℃高温下释放的现象，我们研究了一种对已结合较多氟的骨盐再生方法。以再生后骨炭的除氟容量为指标，研究了不同温度下再生规律。350℃和425℃处理的两组除氟容量均高于氢氧化钠组。用350℃处理0．5－24h，除氟容量为2.57-4.05mg/g，有随着处理时间延长而上升的倾向。但在425℃组，其范围为2.74-4.84mg/g，峰值4.84mg/g位于处理1h处。在相同条件下，骨炭和再生骨盐两再生后的除氟容量相似。在家庭除氟中此法为经济有效的再生方法。

Studies on Hyperthermy Regeneration of Bone-salt Reagent for Defluoridation

Endemic fluorosis, caused by excess fluoride intake from drinking water, is a serious public health problem in some areas of China and other countries of the world at present. Bone char,as a raw bone-salt, may be used to reduce the fluoride concentration in drinking water to acceptable limit. However, its regeneration is frequent and demands much sodium hydroxide as regenerative reagent. Therefore, it is not only high cost for water treatment, but also too difficult to operate in domestic defluoridation. A new regeneration method for bone-salt combined with much fluoride has been developed in our laboratory, which based on the phenomenon that the fluoride in bone-salt could be released at hyperthermy of 250℃～ 550℃. With the defluoridation capacity of bone char regenerated as an index, the rules of regeneration were studied under different temperatures. In both groups under 350℃ and 425℃, the index value was high than that in sodium hydroxide group. In the group treated under the temperature of 350℃ for 0.5～24 hours, the index ranged from 2.57 to 4.05 F mg/g, and tended to increase with treatment time prolonged. However, it was 2. 74～4.84 F mg /g with a peak at the time of one hour in the group treated at 425C. Under the same conditions, the capacities were alike in both of bone char and purified bone-salt. It is a cheap and efficient regeneration method for bone char in household defluoridation.