饮食干预对肥胖型2型糖尿病患者血脂紊乱的影响

目的了解饮食干预对肥胖型2型糖尿病患者血脂紊乱的影响，以提供更合理的营养治疗方法。方法选择2006年5月至2008年3月在内分泌科门诊就诊的肥胖型2型糖尿病患者80例，按患者就诊顺序编号按1：1比例随机入组，治疗组、对照组各40例。治疗组食用依据由营养师制订食谱的要求制作的称重膳食，对照组自己控制饮食。观察2组患者膳食中热能和部分营养素的摄入情况比较以及治疗前后两组患者血糖和血脂的变化。结果对照组热能、三大产热营养素及胆固醇的摄入明显较高，而膳食纤维的摄入量明显较低，而脂肪的摄入量明显较高，占总热能的36％；脂肪来源中饱和脂肪酸、多不饱和脂肪酸及单不饱和脂肪酸所占总能量的比例分别为14．2％、13．1％和8．7％，与治疗组同项比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。治疗组在治疗后空腹血糖（FBG）、体重指数（BMI）、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）及低密度脂蛋白（LDL）均有明显下降，高密度脂蛋白（HDL）显著增高，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；而对照组在治疗后FBG、BMI、TC、TG、LDL及HDL的变化均不明显（P〉0．05）。结论营养干预能显著地降低患者的体质量，改善患者的脂代谢紊乱。

The effect of dietary intervention on lipid disorders in obese patients with type 2 diabetes

Objective To study the effect of dietary intervention on lipid disorders in obese patients with the type 2 diabetes in order to provide a more reasonable nutrition therapy.Methods A total of 80 obese subjects with the type 2 diabetes were randomly allocated into two groups according to the attendance serial numbers.The test group was provided with weighed individual diabetic food according to the recipes made by the nutritionist and the control group went on diet dominated by themselves.Outcomes were assessed by various nutrients the patients took in and the changes of blood glucose and lipid.Results The calories,protein,fat,carbohydrate and cholesterol were obviously higher that the control group actually took in.But more fat was taken in with the percent of 36% of the calories.The percent the saturated fatty acid,the multi-unsaturated fatty acid and the single unsaturated fatty acid was taken in was respectively 14.2%,13.1% and 8.7% of the calories,and the difference had the statistics significance compared with the same item in the treatment group.fasting blood glucose(FBG),body mass index(BMI),Total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low density lipoprotein(LDL) in the treatment group significantly decreased and high density lipoprotein(HDL) significantly increased after the treatment(P<0.01) while those in the control group had no significant changes after treatment(P>0.05).Conclusion The nutrition intervention could obviously reduce patient's body mass index and improves patient's fat metabolic disorder.