广东省传染性非典型肺炎流行病学特征初步研究

目的了解广东省局部地区流行的传染性非典型肺炎(infectious atypical pneumonia,LAP)的流行病学特征,为制定预防控制对策和措施提供科学依据.方法采用统一的流行病学个案调查表对病例进行调查.利用PEI6.0软件分析IAP病例在广东省的流行过程、地区、时间、人群分布及聚集性等特征.结果IAP在广东省的发病率为1.72/10万,病死率3.64%.发病主要集中在1月下旬到2月下旬(2月上旬达到高峰),占病例总数的61.88%.地区分布以经济发达、人口流动频繁的珠江三角洲地区为主,占病例总数的96.66%;患者以青壮年居多;医务人员是高发人群,占病例总数的24.9%;该病有明显的家庭和医院聚集,聚集性病例占37.1%.结论IAP是一种呼吸道传染病,传染源是人,潜伏期1～12 d,中位数4 d;通过短距离飞沫和密切接触传播;人群普遍易感,病例主要集中在经济发达、人口流动频繁的珠江三角洲地区.

Epidemiological study of infectious atypical pneumonia in Guangdong Province

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of infectious atypical pneumonia (IAP) outbreaks in some areas of Guangdong province and ulteriorly to provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures. Methods Standard epidemiology individual case inventory was adopted. The epidemiological characteristics of IAP, including disease course, distribution of space, time and population and aggregation status of IAP were analyzed with EPI Info statistics software (ver 6.0). Results The incidence of IAP in Guangdong province was 1.72 7100 000, mortality was 3.64%. Most cases of IAP were happened within one month from the last ten - day of January to that of February, while the peak occurs in the first ten - day of February(61.88% ) . As to space distribution, Pearl river delta region, the developed and population - flow frequent areas, was mostly aifectible districts (96.66%). The majority of patients were junior adults and the most aifectible population was medical staffs(24.9%). Family and hospital aggregation were another two of the most important characteristics of IAP(37.1 % ) . Conclusion IAP is a respiratory infectious disease. Human body is the reservoir. Incubation period is about 1 to 12 days with the median of 4 days. Person - to - person transmission is through respiratory secretions and close contact. Population are generally affectible. Most cases were distributed in pearl river delta region, the economic - developed and population - flow frequent areas.