母婴配对及不同月龄婴儿麻疹减毒活疫苗免疫后抗体水平分析

目的为研究母婴麻疹抗体水平的关系及6月龄和8月龄儿童接种麻疹减毒活疫苗(MV)的血清学免疫效果。方法开展母婴配对及不同月龄婴儿MV免疫后麻疹抗体水平研究。2003~2005年在徐州市和盐城市,采集到174对母亲、出生婴儿和3月龄婴儿的配对齐全者血清,及97名6月龄、62名8月龄婴儿的免疫前、后的血清,用微量血凝抑制(HI)试验检测麻疹HI抗体。结果①母亲与出生婴儿、出生婴儿与3月龄婴儿、3月龄婴儿与6月龄婴儿抗体滴度之间均有相关性,随着母亲抗体水平变化,婴儿抗体水平相应变化。②婴儿母传麻疹抗体随着月龄增加而下降,到6月龄时大部分婴儿抗体已降到低滴度,达不到保护抗体水平;8月龄时抗体水平基本消失。③97名6月龄婴儿免疫前麻疹抗体阳性率为11.34%,免疫后为97.94%;HI抗体总几何平均滴度(GMT)为1∶24.22。62名8月龄婴儿免疫前麻疹抗体阳性率为1.61%,免疫后为100.00%;HI抗体总GMT为1∶54.12。两组婴儿免疫前HI抗体总GMT差异无显著的统计学意义(t=0.521,P>0.05);免疫后1个月的抗体GMT差异有非常显著的统计学意义(t=8.348,P<0.001)。结论婴儿在8月龄时的免疫效果要明显好于6月龄,但在必要时对6月龄婴儿实行初免以提高保护率,同时开展6月龄和8月龄婴儿免疫前麻疹中和抗体水平的研究,以探讨最佳初免月龄。

Antibody Level Analysis and Comparison in Maternal-infant Pairs and Vaccinated Infants of 6 and 8 Months

Objective 1.To explore the correlation of measles antibody levels between mother and baby; 2.To study maternal transferred measles antibody level of different age group infants;3.To detect the immunization rates of success in 6 and 8 month old infants. Methods 174 mothers,newborn and 3-month baby pairs' serum samples and 97 six-month and 62 eight-month baby's serum samples were collected for hemagglutination inhibition(HI)antibody against measles in Xuzhou and Yancheng from 2003 to 2005. Results 1.There is great correlation between maternal measles antibody levels and newborns',as well as 3 month babies'.2.Maternal transferred measles antibody levels in newborns reduced gradually and got to the threshold of protection in 6 month old infants, and till 8 month,almost disappeared.3.It was found that the positive rates of measles antibody were not statistically different between 6 and 8 months babies(t=0.521,P=0.604,P>0.05)before measles vaccination,However,after vaccination,there were significantly statistically different between two groups (t=8.348,P<0.001). Conclusion It suggested that the newborn's antibody level can be improved by vaccination to matured women.In order to control infant measles,the age of first vaccination of measles vaccine should be changed from 8 months old to 6 months old in some regions.