The inflammatory event of birth: How oxytocin signaling may guide the development of the brain and gastrointestinal system |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States;2. Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States;1. Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;2. Department of Psychology, Center for Translational NeuroImaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA;3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA;4. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA;5. Institute of Animal Welfare Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria;6. Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA;1. Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA;2. National Centre for Register-Based Research, Department of Economics and Business, School of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;4. CIRRAU – Centre for Integrated Register-Based Research, Department of Economics and Business, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;5. The Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA;6. The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA;7. Department of Clinical Medicine – Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;8. Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark;9. Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital of Telemark, Kragerø, Norway;1. Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece;3. Neurobiology of Social Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA;4. Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;5. University of Massachusetts Medical School and Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA;6. Clinical Research Center, Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Massachusetts Institute or Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;7. Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA;8. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA;1. Duke University, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Durham, NC, USA;2. Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;1. Istanbul Training and Education Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey;2. Memorial hizmet hospital, neurology clinic, Istanbul, Turkey;3. Demiroğlu Bilim University Medical School, Department of Physiology, İstanbul, Turkey;1. School of Anthropology, Department of Psychology, Cognitive Science Program, University of Arizona, United States;2. Department of Chemistry, Hybrid Technology Hub, Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway;3. Martin Protean, LLC, United States;4. Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States;5. The Kinsey Institute, Indiana University, United States |
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| Abstract: | The role of oxytocin (OT) as a neuropeptide that modulates social behavior has been extensively studied and reviewed, but beyond these functions, OT’s adaptive functions at birth are quite numerous, as OT coordinates many physiological processes in the mother and fetus to ensure a successful delivery. In this review we explore in detail the potential adaptive roles of oxytocin as an anti-inflammatory, protective molecule at birth for the developing fetal brain and gastrointestinal system based on evidence that birth is a potent inflammatory/immune event. We discuss data with relevance for a number of neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as the emerging role of the gut-brain axis for health and disease. Finally, we discuss the potential relevance of sex differences in OT signaling present at birth in the increased male vulnerability to neurodevelopmental disabilities. |
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| Keywords: | Microglia Neuroinflammation Autism spectrum disorder Pregnancy Resilience Neuroprotection Microbiome Gut-brain |
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