以数学模型对中药药效进行综合评价的意义和思考

随着我国加入WTO，如何使中药在全世界得以推广使用，成为目前迫切需要解决的问题，不可否认，与西药相比，中药本身存在某些弱点（如：作用机理不明确、质量难控、量效关系复杂及在单个指标上药效强度不如西药等）应该为中药目前所面临的困镜负一定的责任，但是随着近几十年来的研究，我们也看到了中药在治疗疾病上的优势，这些优势也是西药在现阶段很难实现的，比如：具有丰富的多效性，表现出双各调节的作用。在某些药效中有不反弹不耐受的特点，副作用较弱，适合弱势群体等。因此，在正视中药的弱点的同时我们也应该看到它的优点，其中，如何对其药效进行科学的评价就是一个必须面对的重要问题。当前文献报道的中药药效评价方法主要是采用数学模型的方法对中药的多项药效参数进行综合评价，涉及的模型有最简单的加减乘除，也有矩阵法及模糊数学的应用，在评价参数的选择上同样也是多种多样。尽管这些评价方法所涉及的模型源于西医观点，其方法还不完善，但它们给予我们如何按中医观点中对中药药效进行科学的评价提供了很好的借鉴和探索的方向。

A Discussion on Overall Assessment By Mathematic Models of Pharmacological Effectiveness of Chinese Herbal Medicine

Sun Hong(lab of Pharmacy,Institute of Medicinal Plants,the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing100094)Shi Zhihong(Department of Medicine of the First People's Hospital,Xinxiang Municipality453002,Henan Province,China)With the entry of China into WTO,the spread and application of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in the whole world has become a problem to be solved urgently at present.It cannot be denied that compared with Western medicine,TCM has its weak points,such as undefined functional mechanisms,difficultly controlling quality,complex quantity -effectiveness relationship and effectiveness less than that of Western medicine in single indeces,which are closely related to the predicament TCM faces today.Since the study in this field in recent decades,however,people have seen the strong points of TCM in its treatment of diseases,which are difficult for Western medicine to acquire,such as rich in multi-effectiveness,functions of bilateral regulation,characteristics of no rebound and bearability in the effectiveness of some medicines,and weak side effects,thus fitting for the physically weakened.Therefore,one should see its strong points while facing its weak ones squarely.For Chinese medicines it is particularly important to assess their effectiveness scientifically.According to the reports on the methods for the assessment of the effectiveness of Chinese medicines in current literatures the method of mathematic models is the main one which is taken to assess multiple parameters of their effectiveness comprehensively.The mathematic models involved include the simplest four fundamental operations of addition,subtraction,multiplication and division and the application of matrix and fuzzy mathematics,and the choice of parameters in assessment is many and varied as well.Although the said models involved in the methods of assessment originate from the viewpoints of Western medicine and are not in perfection,they still afford us useful experiences and the orientation of exploration in how to make scientific assessment of the effectiveness of Chinese medicines in accordance with TCM viewpoints.