影响青少年近视发展因素研究、

目的探讨青少年近视发展速度与眼位、调节、主导眼、年龄及性别的关系，研究影响青少年近视发展的相关因素，用于指导青少年近视的防控工作。方法采集2012年1月至2013年3月在我院视光学门诊就诊且复查资料完整的青少年真性近视眼患者822例（1644只眼），建立档案，测量并记录患者的屈光度、眼位、调节、主导眼、年龄及性别信息等，予以配戴最佳矫正视力的最大正镜化（MPMVA）为原则处方的眼镜。一年后复查患者的屈光状态，进行统计分析。结果近视发展速度外隐斜视者明显快于正位及内隐斜视者，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05），内隐斜视及正位者组间比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；调节滞后者明显快于调节超前及调节正常者，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而调节超前及调节正常者组间比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；近视发展速度在13-14岁增长最快；主导眼与非主导眼、男与女组间比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论青少年眼位、调节是促进近视的发展因素；13-14岁近视发展速度最快；合理的验光配镜方法及调节功能训练可能减缓近视的发展。

Risk factors of the development of juvenile myopia

Objective By analyzing the effect of eye positions accommodations dominant eyes age and gender on the development of juvenile myopias and to guide the prevention of juvenile myopia. Methods Data were collected from our optometry clinic. Totally 822 juvenile true myopia patients （ 1644 eyes） presented to our clinic between January 2012 and March 2013 were recruited in this study. We established a comprehensive database for every patient to record demogrophic information, refractions, eye positions accommodation, and dominant eye. Patients were prescribed with MPMVA glasses. Follow up was one year. Refractions were checked and its relation to risk factors was analyzed. Results The progression of myopia is more rapid in exophoria than in anteroposterior and implicit strabismus （ P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no difference in the between anteroposterior and implicit strabismus （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Myopia progressed more rapidly in patients with lagged accommodation than in patients with normal or advanced accommodation （ P 〈0.05 ）. The most rapid progression of myopia occurred between age 13 - 14. There was no significant difference betwecn dominant eyes or genders. Conclusiou Eye position and accommodation are the main factors to facilitate the progression of myopia. In terms of ages myopia is most rapidly progressed between 13 end 14. Selectively treating patients with these risk factors may help to prevent further progression of myopia.