儿童交通伤害的特点及其院前急救的临床研究

目的：探讨儿童交通伤害的特点，提高院前急救水平。方法：回顾性分析2004年1月至2006年12月急诊收治的80例儿童交通伤害的临床资料，用小儿创伤指数评分法（PTS）对伤情和损伤程度进行评价。结果：1-9岁儿童是伤害事故的主要受害群体（74％），男多于女，尤以1-4岁男童最为严重；致伤方式以抛落和撞击为主（78％）。头部与下肢是最多受到伤害的部位（75％），导致伤害事故的主要车辆是汽车（51％）和摩托车（24％）。PTS评估显示，重伤（PTS〈9）占21％，以机动车撞击行人及自身事故为主。结论：不同致伤条件时儿童交通事故的致伤特点各不相同。性别、年龄、致伤方式、车辆类型、行车速度的不同，其损伤情况各异。针对其特点采取合理的院前急救方法可有效提高救治水平。

Clinical Research about Characteristic of Children Traffic Injury and First Aid

Objective： To approach the characteristic of children traffic injury and to improve the level of first aid. Methods：The clinical data of 80 children traffic injury cases from Jan,2004 to Dec,2006 were analyzed retrospectively, and estimated traumatic condition and degree of injury by pediatric trauma score （PTS）. Results： 1 to 9 years old children were the main injured group （74%）, boys were more than girls, especial 1-4 years old boys were extremely serious. The main vulnerate style were throw and strike（78%） and head and legs were the most injure position, （75%）. The main vehicle leading to injure was car（51% ） and motorcycle （24%）. PTS evaluation manifest that the serious injury （〈 9） was account 21%, the majority were mobile strike pedestrian and self accident. Conclusion： Vulnerate characteristics were diverse from different traffic accident information, such as gender, age, vulnerate style, vehicle type and speed. Adopted reasonable first aid can do great contributions to remedy effectively.