儿童呼吸道感染支原体、衣原体和常见呼吸道病毒病原学分析

目的分析本院儿童呼吸道感染支原体、衣原体和常见呼吸道病毒的感染特点,为临床诊治提供参考。方法选取我院儿科收治的486例呼吸道感染患儿为观察对象,检测肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体、呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、副流感病毒1、2和3型的感染情况,分析不同年龄段患儿以上病原菌的感染特点。结果 486例呼吸道感染患儿中肺炎支原体感染125例,阳性率为25.72%;肺炎衣原体感染114例,阳性率为23.46%;呼吸道合胞病毒感染120例,阳性率为24.69%;腺病毒感染10例,阳性率为2.06%;甲型流感病毒感染7例,阳性率为1.44%;乙型流感病毒感染2例,阳性率为0.41%;1型副流感病毒感染3例,阳性率为0.62%;2型副流感病毒感染1例,阳性率为0.21%;3型副流感病毒感染33例,阳性率为6.79%。肺炎支原体感染阳性率随患儿年龄增加逐渐升高,比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）肺炎衣原体和呼吸道合胞病毒感染阳性率随患儿年龄增加逐渐降低,比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;不同年龄组别患儿腺病毒、甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、1型副流感病毒和2型副流感病毒感染阳性率无明显差别,比较差异无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）。不同年龄组别患儿3型副流感病毒感染阳性率不同,比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论本院儿科呼吸道感染非细菌性病原菌主要为肺炎支原体、衣原体以及呼吸道合胞病毒。肺炎支原体感染主要见于学龄儿童,肺炎衣原体和呼吸道合胞病毒感染主要见于婴幼儿。

Characteristics of mycoplasma,chlamydia and common respiratory tract virus in respiratory tract infection.

Objective To analyze the infective charsacteristics of the mycoplasma, chlamydia and common respiratory tract virus, and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A total of 486 pediat- ric patients with the respiratory tract infection were selected as observation group, then the infection of the myeoplas- ma pneumonia （MP）, chlamydia pneumonia （Cpn）, respiratory syncytial virus （RSV）, adenovirus （ADV）, influenza vi- rus typeA and type B （IVA and IVB）, parainfluenza virus type 1, 2, 3 （PIV-1, PIV-2, PIV-3） were detected, and the characteristics of the children with different ages was analyzed. Results In the 486 children with respiratory tract in- fections, the MP infection were was found in 125 cases, with the positive rate of 25.72%; the Cpn infection was found in 114 cases, with the positive rate of 23.46%; the RSV infection was found in 120 cases, with the positive rate of 24.69%; the ADV infection was found in 10 cases, with the positive rate of 2.06%; the IVA infection was found in 7 cases, with positive rate of 1.44%; the IVB infection was found in 2 eases, with the positive rate of 0.41%; the PIV-lin- feetion was found in 3 eases, with the positive rate of 0.62%; the PIV-2 infection was found in 1 case, with the posi- tive rate of 0.21%; the PIV-3 infection was found in 33 cases, and the positive rate of 6.79%. The positive rate of the MP in the 7-14 years old group were higher than that of 3~7 years old group, 1~3 years old group and 〈 1 year old group; The positive rate of the Cpn and RSV in the 〈 1 year old group and 1-3 years old group were higher than that of 3-7 years old group and 7-14 years old group （all P〈0.05）. The positive rate of the ADV, IVA, IVB, PIV-1 and PIV-2 among the different age group had no differences. The positive rate of the PIV-3 of the 3-7 years old group were higher than that of 7-14 year old group, 1-3 years old group and 〈 1 year old group （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion The main non bacterial pathogens for pediatric respiratory tract infection are pneumonia mycoplasma, chlamydia, and respiratory syn- cytial virus. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is main in school-age children, and the pneumonia chlamydia and respirato- ry syncytial virus infection predominates infection is main in infants and young children.