241例人工耳蜗植入儿童康复效果外在影响因素的相关性研究*

目的分析影响人工耳蜗植入儿童术后1年的听觉、语言能力发展的外在因素,为实施康复效果质量监控及改善安置策略提供指导.方法选取241例资料完整已接受为期1年系统康复训练的人工耳蜗植入儿童为调查对象,以其术后不同安置时段(3个月、6个月、9个月和12个月)的评估数据(包括听觉能力、语言能力、学习能力成绩)为参考,采用相关性分析的方法,研究不同安置时段内,外在因素与听力语言康复效果之间的相关性.结果人工耳蜗植入年龄、术前语训时间与术后3个月、6个月时的听觉能力、语言能力评估成绩之间存在低度以上的线性相关(|r|≥0.3,P<0.01),但在6个月后,相关性不显著(|r|<0.3,P>0.01).结论①人工耳蜗植入儿童术后1年的康复效果受到来自外在因素的影响;②外在因素中人工耳蜗植入年龄、术前语训时间是影响人工耳蜗植入儿童术后1年康复效果的直接因素;③不同外在因素对人工耳蜗植入儿童术后1年不同安置时段的听觉能力和语言能力康复效果的线性影响程度不尽相同.

The Correlation Study on External Factors that Affect Rehabilitation Outcomes of 241 Children One Year after Cochlear Implantation

Objective To analyze the external factors that affect the auditory and language development of children with cochlear Implants during one year of postoperative training, so as to provide guidance for outcome supervision and strategy improvement. Methods 241 children with cochlear implants who have received one-year systematic rehabilitation were selected as subjects. The correlation between external factors and auditory language rehabilitation outcomes were studied through correlation analysis based on assessment results （auditory skills, language skills and learning scores） at different postoperative intervals （3, 6, 9, 12 months）. Results In terms of external factors, the cochlear implantation age and the preoperative language training time were in significant correlation with auditory and language skills at 3 months or 6 months placement intervals （｜r｜ ≥ 0.3, P〈0.01）. However after 6 months, such correlations were not significant （｜r｜〈 0.3, P〉0.01）. Conclusion （1） The outcome of one year rehabilitation after surgery is affected by external factors. （2） The age of cochlear implantation and preoperative training time are the direct factors that affect the rehabilitation outcome one year after the surgery. （3） Different external factors have different impacts on the auditory and language rehabilitation outcomes at different placement time.