新疆维吾尔自治区2003年新生儿破伤风流行病学分析

目的了解新疆维吾尔自治区2003年新生儿破伤风(NT)的发病情况,并分析其原因。方法对新疆维吾尔自治区2003年NT的监测资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果NT发病率为0.36/1 000活产儿,死亡率为0.036/1 000活产儿,病死率为9.89%,在甲、乙类传染病报告死亡中居第4位。全年均有病例发生,以男婴为多,平均发病日龄8d。NT病例中在家分娩的占95.65%,其中未经过培训的接生员接生者占93.94%;所有母亲几乎均未接种过破伤风疫苗(TV)。结论在实施消除NT中,提高孕妇自我保健意识,去卫生条件好的医院分娩,对高危人群接种TV,加强新法接生培训,是消除NT的基本措施。提高医务人员NT报告意识和流行病监测人员的责任心,是提高监测质量的关键。

Analysis on Neonatal Tetanus Epidemiology in Xinjiang Weiwuer Autonomous Region in 2003

Objective To know the reasons of neonatal tetanus(NT) occurrence.Methods The surveillance data of NT in Xinjiang Weiwuer Autonomous Region in 2003 were analyzed with epidemiology methods.Results The incidence of NT was 0.36 per 1000 live neonates,mortality was 0.036 per 1000 live neonates,fatality was 9.89%,the fourth of contagion death reports.The incidence of NT can occur in full year.Male infant incidence is more than female infant,and the average age of incidence at the eighth day after born.About 95.65% NT cases delivered at home,wherein 93.94% midwives untrained;almost all mothers are not reveived tetanus toxoid(TT).Conclusion During implementing eliminate NT,the essence measures include: to improve the health care consciousness of pregnant herself,childbirth in hospital with good condition,give TT to high-risk crowd,strengthen training on new method of delivering child.Additionally,to improve the NT report consciousness of medical staff and responsibility feeling of epidemiology surveillance staff will be the key in improving surveillance quality.