第四脑室形态对判断小脑出血手术指征的价值

目的 探讨第四脑室形态的改变对判断自发性小脑出血手术指征的价值.方法 回顾性总结52例自发性小脑出血患者的临床资料,分析第四脑室形态的改变与患者的意识状态、血肿量、幕上脑积水和入院后病情恶化的关系.结果 第四脑室受压程度与意识状态呈高度负相关(r=-0.881,P<0.01),与血肿量呈高度正相关(r=0.808,P<0.01).第四脑室受压程度越重格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)越低,血肿量越大.第四脑室分级为Ⅱ级的患者脑积水发生率[57.7%(15/26)]明显高于Ⅰ级的患者[16.7%(3/18)](χ~2=7.406,P<0.01),第四脑室分级为Ⅱ级的患者因病情恶化而给予手术治疗的发生率[72.7%(8/11)]明显高于Ⅰ级的患者[12.5%(2/16)](P=0.003).结论 第四脑室形态改变是确定自发性小脑出血是否手术治疗的一个有价值的指标,自发性小脑出血存在第四脑室形态改变的患者应该积极地考虑给予手术治疗.

The value of configuration of the fourth ventricle to indicate surgical treatment in patients with spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage

Objective To study the value of configuration of the fourth ventricle to indicate, surgical treatment in patients with spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage. Methods The data of 52 patients with spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between configuration of the fourth ventricle and consciousness, volume of the hematoma, frequence of hydrocephalus and incidence of deterioration of consciousness was investigated. Results The correlations between the degree of the fourth ventricular compression and the consciousness, the volume of the hematoma were strong (r= -0.881,P <0.01; r=0.808,P < 0.01, respectively). The more the degree of the fourth ventricular compression was severe,the more GCS score was low and the volume of the hematoma was large. The incidence of hydrocephalus in patients with composed the fourth ventricle[57.7%(15/26)] was significantly higher than that in patients with normal configuration of the fourth ventricle [16.7% (3/18)] (χ~2= 7.406, P < 0.01). The incidence of deterioration of consciousness in patients with compressed the fourth ventricle who accepted conservative therapy initially [72.7% (8/11)]was significantly higher than that in patients with normal configuration of the fourth ventricle [12.5%(2/16)] (P= 0.003). Conclusions The configuration of the fourth ventricle is an useful indicator for surgical treatment in patients with spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage. When making decision whether surgical treatment was used or not in patients with spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage, the configuration of the fourth ventricle should be take into account.