龙岩市部分农村居民狂犬病防治知识及相关行为调查

目的]了解龙岩市部分农村居民狂犬病防治知识知晓情况与相关态度、行为及居民养犬状况,为制定狂犬病防治策略提供依据。方法]采用福建省疾病预防控制中心设计的"狂犬病知识态度行为调查问卷"开展调查,采用匿名问卷方式对近2年来有狂犬病疫情的3县5乡(镇)长住居民进行调查。结果]共调查266户452人。其中,有64.66%(172/266)的居民户养犬,养犬252只,接种畜用狂犬疫苗犬占2.38%(6/252),91.67%(231/252)为放养。居民狂犬病防治相关知识知晓率为50.84%(2528/4972);80.53%(364/452)调查对象赞同养犬,仅12.83%(58/452)认为家养犬有必要接种狂犬疫苗,犬伤后能及时正确处理伤口的占8.63%(39/452),规范接种疫苗的占21.52%(17/79);狂犬病防治相关知识62.83%(284/452)来源于平时交流,37.17%(168/452)来源于电视、书报等。结论]龙岩市农村居民狂犬病防治知识知晓率低、防护意识淡薄,应加大宣传力度,提高防治知识水平。

Investigation on Prevention and Control Knowledge and Protecting Behavior of Rabies among Rural Residents in Longyan City

Objective]To understand the condition of keeping dogs and the protecting behavior,prevention and control knowledge and attitude to the rabies among rural residents,analyze the cause of high incidence of rabies,provide evidence for formulating prevention and control strategies.Methods]Questionnaire about knowledge,attitude and behavior of rabies which designed by Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention was adopted.The residents were investigated by anonymous questionnaire method in 3 counties(5 towns)which have rabies epidemic situation in 2 years recently.Results]64.66%(172/266)of residents keep dogs in the village in Longyan City.The number of dog is 252,2.38%(6/252)of dogs were inoculated with rabies vaccine.91.67%(231/252)of dogs were bred in a suitable environment.The understanding rate of the prevention and control knowledge of rabies was 50.84%(2 528/4 972).80.53%(364/452)of investigator agreed with keeping dogs,12.83%(58/452)of investigator considered that home dogs must be inoculated with rabies vaccine.The prompt treatment rate was 8.63%(39/452)after attacked by dog,21.52%(17/79)of investigator have received rabies inoculations regularly after they were bitten or scratched by dog.62.83%(284/452)of prevention and control knowledge of rabies came from exchanging in usually,37.17%(168/452)came from television,book,newspaper and so on.Conclusion]The understanding rate of prevention and control knowledge of rabies was low in village in Longyan city.The protecting consciousness was weak.Propaganda should be strengthened for publicity to control rabies.The level of prevention and control knowledge should be raised.