卵巢切除对大鼠关节内骨折后软骨愈合的影响

目的探讨骨质疏松对大鼠关节内骨折后软骨愈合的影响。方法16只4.5月龄的雌性SD大鼠分为两组,实验组行双侧卵巢切除,对照组施行假手术。10周后,经手术制造右胫骨平台内髁劈裂骨折,克氏针交叉内固定。术后大鼠自由活动,6周后全部处死,标本行大体和组织学观察。结果所有标本骨折均愈合。实验组胫骨平台内侧关节软骨多不平整伴轻度塌陷,软骨裂隙依稀可辨,色泽稍暗;对照组内侧关节软骨多平整光滑,软骨裂隙消失。HE染色光镜观察发现,实验组关节软骨裂隙处可见较多纤维组织,透明样软骨呈岛状散在分布于关节表面;对照组多为透明样软骨,细胞排列较规则,但未见明显分层及潮线。结论卵巢切除导致大鼠骨质疏松,延缓了关节内骨折后软骨愈合的进程,且软骨愈合质量较差。

Histological Observation on the Healing of Osteochondral Fracture in Rats after Ovariectomy

Objective To explore the healing process of osteochondral fracture in rats after ovariectomy. Methods Sixteen female SD rats with a mean age of 4.5 months were involved in the study, eight of which underwent bilateral ovariectomy （OVX）, while the others underwent sham operation （SHAM）. Ten weeks later when the osteoporosis was confirmed, all the rats were suffered tibial plateau fracture （Schatzker IV） in right hind limb and fixed with two Kirschner wires in the same time. The rats were sacrificed on 6 weeks after fracture, and the fractured tibial plateaus were taken for gross and histological observation. Results All the fractures healed completely. The cartilage in medial side of tibial plateau in OVX rats was uneven and collapsed, and fracture line was obscure. On histological observation, there were fibrous tissue with scattered hyaline-like cartilage inside. In SHAM rats, the cartilage was congruity and smoothly, fracture line was almost disappeared. There was hyaline-like cartilage instead, with chondrocytes aligned regularly but no tidemark appeared. Conclusion The process of the osteochondral fracture healing was delayed in rats after ovariectomy because of osteoporosis.