医院老年病房四季全膳食中十五种矿物质元素的测定及评价

对我院老年病房四季１１２份全膳食中的１５种元素（钾、钠、钙、磷、镁、锌、铜、铁、锰、硒、铝、钴、铬、钼、镍）进行了实测。结果表明：钾的平均日摄入量为１８０９＋３８ｍｇ，接近ＲＤＡ值的下限；钠的平均日摄入量为５９７２±１４６ｍｇ远高于１１００～３３００ｍｇ的供给标准。钙、磷、镁的日摄入量已达到了ＲＤＡ值的标准。全膳食中锌、铜的含量分别为１１．６８±０．１９ｍｇ和１．７２±０．１０ｒｎｇ，略低于ＲＤＡ值（１５ｍｇ及２～３ｍｇ）的标准，锰含量为３．４１±０．０９ｍｇ硒为９８±２．５μｇ，都处于安全与适宜摄入范围（２．５～５．０ｍｇ和５０～２００μ９）。钴、铬、钼、镍均为人体必需的微量元素、目前我国尚未建立有关营养供给量标准。该项研究结果可为今后确定其推荐供给量标准提供必要的基础资料．

DETERMINATION AND ASSESSMENT OF 15MINERAL ELEMENTS IN WHOLE DIETS FOR ELDERLY PATIENTS IN HOSPITAL

n an one year study the contents of 15 mineral elements in 112 duplicate diets in elderly wards were determined chemically,Theresults showed that mean daily intake of K was 1809± 38 mg which was atthe lower limit of Safe and Adequate Daily Intake(SADI)(1875-5625 mg),the intake of Na was 5972± 146 mg,higher than that of SADI(1100-3300mg);the levels of Ca,P and Mg were 922±40, 983± 20 and 347± 8mg respectively near the RDA of 800,800 and 350 mg.From the standpoint of theirrole ischemic heart disease and hypertension,it suggested thatdecreasing dietary intake of Na and increasing supply of K and Mg maybe necessary for improving the dietary pattern。 The contents of Zn andCu in diets were 11.68±0.19mg and 1.72±0.10mg respectively,Iess thanthe RDA of 15 mg for zinc and 2-3mg for copper.However,the level ofiron in diets was 20.50±0.49 mg,higher than the RDA of 12 mg; meandaily intake of manganese was 3.41±0.09mg and selenium was 98±2.5μgjust within the SADI range of 2.5-5.0 mg and 50-200μg respectively.In-spite of a bit lower intake of Zn and Cu,other elements could meet theneeds of these patients.Cobalt,chromium, molybdenum and nickel are allessential for human being. Up to now their adequate daily intake had notbeen ascertained in China yet. This study might provide basic data fortheir estimation.