海洋发光菌应用于三种有机毒物毒性效应的评估

目的观察3种有机毒物甲醛、乙腈和甲醇对海洋发光菌毒性的特点和规律。方法以甲醛、乙腈和甲醇为研究对象建立实验模型,以海洋发光菌明亮发光杆菌(photobacterium phosphoreum)T3变种为测试生物,用生物毒性测试仪测定样品及空白的发光度,计算相对发光率。结果发光菌的相对发光率与有机毒物的浓度呈负相关(r=-0.85~-0.99,P<0.01)。甲醛、乙腈和甲醇使明亮发光杆菌产生50%光损失时的浓度(EC50)分别为54.36μg/ml、19.58 mg/ml和37.92 mg/ml。结论海洋发光菌为有机毒物的毒性监测和评价提供直接证据,具有灵敏、快速等优点,可以弥补化学分析方法分析有机毒物毒性时的不足,具有广泛的应用前景。

Toxic Effect Assessment of Three Organic Toxicants by Marine Luminous Bacteria

Objective To observe the toxic characteristics and laws of three organic toxicants, formaldehyde, acetonitrile and methanol, in marine luminescent bacteria. Methods Formaldehyde, acetonitrile and methanol were taken as the test substances to establish the experimental model. Photobacterium hosphoreum T3 variant was used as the test organism. The lu- minous emittance of samples and blanks were determined with biological toxicity test instrument. Then the relative luminosity factor was calculated. Results The relative luminosity factor negatively correlated with the concentrations of the organic tox-icants, with the correlation coefficients of - 0.85-- - 0.99 （P 〈 0.01 ）. Formaldehyde, acetonitrile and methanol produced 50 % light loss in photobacterium phosphoreum T3 at concentrations （EC50） of 54.36 μg/ml, 19.58 mg/ml and 37.92 mg/ml, respectively. Conclusions Marine luminous bacteria can provide direct evidence for the monitoring and evaluation of the toxicity of organic toxicants and make up for the deficiency of chemical analysis methods. As a sensitive, fast method, it has broad applica- tion prospects.