2008-2011年洛阳市新诊断尘肺病例分析

目的探讨洛阳市尘肺病特征,为进一步探讨有效的尘肺病防治措施提供依据。方法对洛阳市2008-2011年新诊断267例尘肺情况进行工种分布、尘肺类型、患者接尘工龄和诊断年龄统计分析。结果新诊断尘肺病例总数逐年增多,以2010年、2011年增加明显,尘肺Ⅰ期病例增加最为显著;在新诊断267例尘肺中,采煤工67例（25.09%）、粉碎工45例（16.85%）、成型工43例（16.10%）、原料工30例（11.24%）,占总数的比例较大（共69.28%）;尘肺中矽肺Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期均占据很大比重,矽肺总数占尘肺总数达到90.26%;Ⅰ期尘肺患者诊断年龄（48.92±10.57）岁,低于Ⅱ期尘肺、Ⅲ期尘肺（54.22±10.78,53.94±9.11）岁（P〈0.05）;Ⅰ期尘肺、Ⅱ期尘肺患者接尘工龄（17.79±9.89,18.16±12.74）岁,高于Ⅲ期尘肺（10.49±11.48）岁（P〈0.05）。结论洛阳市煤炭、玻璃、矿产行业的采煤工、粉碎工、成型工、原料工等工种是尘肺预防的重点,应主要预防矽肺发生,做好三级预防工作。

Analysis of Newly Diagnosed Pneumoconiosis in Luoyang from 2008 to 2011

Objective To explore the characteristics of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis in Luoyang,and to provide a basis for prevention of pneumoconiosis. Methods Two hundred and sixty-seven cases of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis in Luoyang from 2008 to 2011 were statistically analyzed by job distribution,types of pneumoconiosis,working age and diagnosed age. Results The total cases of newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis were increased year by year.The cases increased significantly in 2010,2011,and the cases of the first stage of pneumoconiosis were the most.Among the 267 cases,there were 67 coal miners(25.09%),45 grinders(16.85%),43 molders(16.10%) and 30 compounders(11.24%).Silicotics including the first stage,the second stage and the third stage made up 90.26% of all the cases.The sufferers’ diagnosed age of the first stage of pneumoconiosis(48.92±10.57) was lower than those of the second stage and the third stage(54.22±10.78,53.94±9.11),(P<0.05).And the sufferers’ working ages of the first stage and the second stage of pneumoconiosis(17.79±9.89,18.16±12.74) were both higher than that of the third stage(10.49±11.48),(P<0.05). Conclusions Coal miners,grinders,molders and compounders in the industries of coal,glass and minerals are the focal point of the prevention of pneumosilicosis.More attention should be paid to the prevention of pneumosilicosis,moreover,the three-grade prevention should be done better.