从病毒学角度检测上海自来水的质量

用改良Farrah法两次浓集病毒,并用BGM(Buffalo Green Monkey)细胞作空斑试验测病毒含量,对自来水和水厂原水中病毒进行检测,回收率达90％以上。水处理过程中,硫酸铝处理可以去除94％病毒。第一次加氯处理1/2 h后,可杀灭96％病毒,1h后不能再测到病毒。从管网末端自来水40L中,未能测到病毒,说明出厂自来水基本上已达到1971年世界卫生组织所订的饮用水国际标准中的病毒学指标——0pfu/10L。

VIROLOGICAL STUDIES ON TAP WATER

Viruses in raw water at the inlet of the water plant and in tap water were detected by a modified Farrah's method (concentrating virus in water by two steps) together with the plaque assay. Virus recovery reached more than 90%.Viruses in the raw water of the water plant were 4-50% pfu/10L in different seasons. They were mostly enteroviruses, mainly nonvirulent strains of polio virus type I.During treatment in the water plant, 94% of viruses could be cleared by aluminium sulfate. The primary chlorination procedure was the most important for inactivation of the viruses. 30 min after chlorination, 96% of viruses were killed. After 1 h, no virus could be further detected in water samples.No virus was discovered in 40 L of tap water at the supply system terminal.Thus, the tap water is believed to meet the 1971 WHO drinking water standard requirement of 0 pfu/10 L.