单采血小板献血者发生献血反应的原因分析及处理措施

目的通过分析单采血小板献血者发生献血反应的原因,以便采取相应措施减少献血反应的发生,保证单采血小板献血者的安全与健康。方法统计2009年1月至2011年12月本站单采血小板献血者的总人数和各型献血反应人次,并就出现献血反应的诱因进行统计分析。结果 6 206例单采血小板献血者中,发生献血反应133例,总反应率2.14%,其中轻度献血反应108例（1.74%）、中度献血反应19例（0.31%）、重度献血反应6例（0.10%）,各类比率均逐年下降,但仍以轻度献血反应为主,枸橼酸盐中毒、心理、精神因素为献血反应的最主要诱因。结论献血反应与枸橼酸盐中毒、心理、精神因素密切相关。因为献血反应的产生与多种因素相关,医务人员应具备识别特征表现应对处理的能力,同时血站应该加强献血知识宣教,从而避免献血反应的发生。

Analysis on causes and processing measure for blood donation reaction of platelet donors

Objective To analyze the cause for blood donation reaction on platelet donors,in order to take corresponding measures to reduce blood donation reaction,and to insure the safety and health of the platelet donors.Methods From January 2009 to December 2011,the total number of platelet donors and the type of blood donation reaction were recorded,and the causes for blood donation response were statistically analyzed.Results Within the 6 206 cases of platelet donors,blood donation reaction occurred in 133 cases.The total response rate was 2.14%,in which there were 108 cases of mild adverse reaction（1.74%）,19 cases of moderate blood donation reaction（0.31%）,6 cases of severe blood-donation-induced reactions（0.10%）.All these ratios decreased year by year,but mild blood donation reaction was still the main type of reaction.Citrate toxicity,psychological reason and spiritual reason were the major incentives to blood donation reaction.Conclusion Blood donation reaction is closely related to the citrate toxicity,psychological reason and spiritual reason.Since the occurrence of blood donation reaction generated is related to many factors,medical personnel should be able to recognize features of the reactions.Meanwhile blood donation knowledge propaganda should be strengthened,so as to avoid the occurrence of blood donation reaction.