实验动物低温生物学和生殖工程技术的发展与应用

低温生物学(cryobiology)是生物科学的一门新兴分支学科,他是研究低温对生物体所产生的影响及其应用的科学。低温生物学的研究和应用,不仅促进了生物学、医学等基础学科的发展,而且为农业、畜牧业、医药工业及其食品工业等带来了巨大的效益。特别是对保护人类赖以生存的环境,挽救濒危物种,保护生物多样性产生了深远的影响。实验动物是生命科学的重要支撑条件,近年来,实验动物新品系,尤其是小鼠突变系的飞速增加已对现有的动物设施和资源的保存方法提出严峻的挑战。随着低温生物学理论的不断深入及其技术的不断完善,低温生物学技术已被广泛应用于实验动物的生产、遗传资源的保存及新品系开发等领域。无疑,小鼠模型的保存将为21世纪哺乳类遗传学的飞速发展和最终攻克人类目前的疑难疾病创造了有利条件。

Application of Cryobiology and Reproductive Engineering Techniques in Laboratory Animals

Cryobiology is a jumped-up subject which investigates the influence of low temperature on organism. This extensively studied and applied technique not only promotes the progress in biology, medicine and other sciences, but also will create huge benefits for agriculture, stockbreeding, pharmacy and food manufacturing. In particular, the cryobiology has engendered far-reaching influence on environment protection, to severe endangered animal salvation and biodiversity conservation. Laboratory animals are important experimental materials for life sciences. Several scientific trends have increased the large number of mouse models and placed an intolerable load on the financial and infrastructural resources needed to maintain these models as conventional breeding colonies in recent years. The cryobiology has been applied for breeding, preservation of genetic resources, and development of new strains of laboratory animals. Anyway, the preservation of mice model will establish the furthersome condition for further studies of mammalian genetics and difficult and complicated diseases.