髋臼周围动脉的解剖学研究及其临床意义

目的：探讨髋臼周围动脉的解剖学特点，为临床髋臼骨折手术治疗提供解剖学基础。方法：在15具成年男性尸体标本30侧髋臼上对髋臼周围动脉的形态学特点及毗邻关系进行观测。结果：臀上动脉、阴部内动脉以及臀下动脉贴近髂骨外骨板走行，臀上动脉距离坐胃大切迹顶点最近，侧卧化时髂后上棘、坐骨火切迹顶点、大粗隆顶点三者之间的连线体表投影构成以坐骨大切迹顶点为顶点的等腰三角形，臀上动脉位于三角形顶角区。结论：涉及坐骨大切迹顶点的髋臼骨折易损伤臀上动脉及变异的臀下动脉，侧卧位时依其等腰三角形可改进髋臼骨折手术人路，减少术中出血。

Anatomy of Arteries around Acetabula and Clinical Significance

Objective：To discuss the characteristics of arteries around acetabula,in order to provide an-atomic evidence for surgical treatment of fracture of acetabulum. Methods：To observe the morphological characteristics of arteries around acetabula and their adjacent structures in 15 cadavers. Results：Superior gluteal artery,internal pudendal artery and inferior gluteal artery are close to the external iliac bone plate, the distance from superior gluteal artery to the upper limit of greater sciatic notch is shortest. At lateral position, posterior superior lilac spine, culminated point of greater sciatic notch, spinnacle of greater trochanter are projected on body surface to constitute an isosceles triangle in which the culminated point of greater sciatic notch served as the vertex. Conclusions ： The superior gluteal artery and the variant of inferior gluteal artery are more prone to be injured when the fracture of acetabulum involved the culminated point of greater sciatic notch. At lateral position,the presence of the above-mentioned isoseeles triangle is useful in improving surgical approaches to acetabula, that could reduce blood loss during operation.