甘肃省临洮县新添中心卫生院基本药物政策实施绩效调查

目的调查新添中心卫生院基本药物(EML)政策一年来的实施绩效,了解该院EML实施中存在的问题,为乡镇卫生院基本药物配送、存储、补偿机制等研究提供依据。方法采用问卷调查和专题访谈相结合的方法,调查该院EML配备和使用情况、EML政策实施前后诊疗业务和收支变化等情况。结果新添中心卫生院EML配备率呈递增趋势,由实施前的62.2%增至87.3%。EML药物所占药品销售额的比例也由39.3%增至90.6%。但存在配送品种不全、品种落后的问题。EML实施后,卫生院门诊人次数、出院人次数均有所上升,次均门诊费用、次均住院费用均有不同程度的下降。EML实施后,医院总收入略有增加,但限于财政补助额度,卫生院经营尚处于亏损。医药比持续降低,卫生院药品费用与检查费用比例呈上升趋势。尤其2010～2011年检查费用所占比例较2009年增长30%左右,且EML实施后检查费用并未降低。结论 EML的实施并未根本改善"以药养医"的现状。药物零差价销售,卫生院补偿机制尚未健全,卫生院财务仍处于亏损状况。建议开展药物的循证遴选,并开展针对欠发达地区政府补偿机制的研究。

Investigation on the Performance of Essential Medicine Policy Implementation in Xintian Township Health Center, Lintao County, Gansu Province

Objective To investigate the performance of Essential Medicine List （EML） policy over the past one year in Xintian Township Health Center （XTHC）, so as to provide references for the delivery, storage and compensation mechanism of essential medicine for township hospitals. Methods Focus interview combined with a questionnaire was carried out to investigate the supply and usage of EML, the situation of both diagnosis-treatment services and the incomeexpenditure change before and after EML policy. Results a） It showed that there was an increasing trend with the preparation rate of EML from 62.2% before implementation to 87.3% after, and the proportion of EML income to total medicine expenses increased from 39.3% to 90.6% in XTHC. But problems still existed such as incomplete and old variety of medicine; b） The numbers of outpatient-time and inpatient-time kept growing, while medical cost for both average clinic cost and average hospitalization cost decreased to different extent; c） Although the gross income increased slightly, this center was still running in the red with the limited amount of financial assistance; and d） The proportion of medical care and drug kept decreasing while the proportion of drug cost and examination cost kept increasing. Compared with the situation in 2009, the proportion of examination cost from 2010 to 2011 had increased by 30%, and it still remained at the previous level after EML implementation. Conclusion The implementation of EML does not completely change the predicament of ＂Make compensation for doctors by selling drugs＂ in township health center. Owing to the sale policy of zero price difference and the poor performance of compensation for township health centers, XTHC is still running under deficit. Evidence-based medicine selection and research on compensation mechanism for underdeveloped areas are urgently needed.