慢性心力衰竭患者照护者健康素养的潜在剖面分析

目的 探讨慢性心力衰竭患者照护者健康素养的潜在分类，并分析不同类别的影响因素。方法 采用一般资料调查表和慢性心力衰竭患者照护者健康素养调查问卷，便利抽取245例慢性心力衰竭患者照护者进行调查。采用Mplus7.4对慢性心力衰竭患者照护者健康素养水平进行潜在剖面分析，并对不同类别间人口学变量的分布差异进行检验。结果 照护者健康素养水平可分为健康素养低等型(38.0%)、健康素养中等型(56.3%)和健康素养高等型(5.7%)3个潜在类别。不同年龄、与患者关系、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、照护患者的时间和是否有共同照护者的照护者健康素养类别比较，差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 慢性心力衰竭患者照护者个体之间健康素养水平存在差异，医护人员应根据各类别的不同特征采取针对性的评估和干预，以提高照护者的健康素养。

Latent profile analysis of health literacy in caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure

Objective To identify profiles of health literacy among caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure and analyze the influencing factors of the discovered profiles. Methods A total of 245 caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure were selected by convenience sampling and surveyed using a general information questionnaire and the health literacy questionnaire for caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure. Mplus7.4 was employed to perform latent profile analysis on health literacy of caregivers, and to test the differences in demographic variables between the discovered profiles. Results Three profiles were identified: low (38.0%), medium (56.3%) and high (5.7%). There were significant differences in age, relationship with patients, education, monthly per capita family income, time to care for patients, and having co-caregivers or not among different profiles of health literacy (all P<0.05). Conclusion There are differences in the health literacy level of caregivers of patients with chronic heart failure. Clinical medical staff should take targeted assessment and intervention measures to improve their levels.