角化龈宽度对种植体周围组织健康状况的影响

目的评价种植体周围不同角化龈宽度在修复后12个月时对种植体周围组织健康状况的影响。方法观察25例患者，共植入40颗种植体，在上部修复当日测量种植体颊侧正中角化龈宽度（KMW），分为KMW≥2mm组和KMW〈2mm组（n=20）。于上部修复后当日（基线期）及6、12个月时，测量种植体周围探诊出血指数（BOP）、菌斑指数（PLI）、牙龈指数（GI）、探诊深度（PD）及牙龈退缩情况等临床指标，影像学检查计算种植体周围骨丧失情况。结果上部修复后12个月时，两组BOP和PLI均显著高于基线期水平（P〈0．05），KMW〈2mm组PLI明显高于KMW≥2mm组（P〈0．05）。KMW〈2mm组存在明显的牙龈退缩。两组种植体周围PD及边缘骨丧失情况比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论种植体周围KMW对种植体周围的菌斑控制和防止牙龈退缩有一定的积极作用；确切作用仍有待进一步研究和长期观察。

Evaluation of the influence of keratinized mucosa width on peri-implant soft and hard tissue health

Objective To investigate the influence of peri-implant keratinized mucosa width on the health of peri-implant soft and hard tissues after restoration for 12 months. Methods Forty Straumanns implants were planted in 25 patients. After the final prostheses were restored, the keratinized mucosa width （KMW） was measured in the middle buccal of the implants. Implants were divided into two groups： KMW i〉2 mm and KMW 〈 2 mm （n = 20）. Radiographs for bone loss were taken and bleeding on probing （BOP）, plaque index （PLI）, gingival index （GI）, probing depth （PD） and mucosal recession were measured at the restoration day （ baseline）, 6 and 12 months after restorations. Results After restoration for 12 months, PLI and BOP scores of both groups were significantly higher than those of baseline （P 〈 0. 05）, and plaque index values of KMW 〈 2 mm group were significantly higher than those of KMW ≥ 2 mm group （P 〈 0.05）. The mucosal recession around implants of KMW 〈 2 mm group was obvious. The differences of PD and marginal bone loss around implants of two groups were not statistically significant （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusion The keratinized mucosa may have positive effects on plaque control and mucosal recession around dental implants, but the exact effect needs further study and long-term observation.