弱智儿童上肢关节活动感知能力与精细动作控制能力的相关性

目的研究弱智儿童的上肢关节活动感知能力、精细动作控制能力及它们的相关性。方法对比实验研究法。结果(1)弱智儿童在不同关节活动度(锐角、直角和钝角)感知上不存在统计学上的性别差异,但男童在3种关节活动度上的感知均比女童要差一些;(2)弱智儿童在3种关节活动度上的感知均显著落后于正常儿童,且随关节活动度的增大,感知能力愈差,达到极显著的程度(T锐角=-2.716,P<0.05;T直角=-3.471,P<0.01;T钝角=-5.493,P<0.01);(3)上肢精细控制能力上不存在性别差异,但弱智儿童的测试结果均比正常儿童要差,存在极显著的差异(T=-4.371,P<0.01);(4)精细动作控制能力与其关节活动感知能力之间存在显著相关。结论弱智儿童上肢关节活动感知能力与精细动作控制能力与正常儿童有较大的差距,加强动作技能训练是提高弱智儿童生存和生活质量的基础途径之一。

Study on sensation of ROM and fine motion ability on upper limbs for children with mental retardation

Objective The object of the research is about mental retardation (MR) children's sensation of ROM on upper limbs, fine-motion ability and the correlativity of these two abilities .Method The comparative experiment. Results (1)In MR, boys' ROM sensation at three levels(acute angle, right angle and obtuse angle) was lightly poorer than girls', but doesn't reach significantly sexual difference; (2)The sensation at three ROM degrees in MR was much poorer than that in normal children , and the wider the ROM was ,the poorer the sensation became(Tacute=-2.716, P< 0.05;Tright=-3.471, P< 0.01;Tobtuse=-5.493, P< 0.01);(3) There was no sexual difference in fine motion ability on upper limbs,but the measurement in MR was poorer than that in normal children, and there was a remarkable difference between them;(4) There was an obvious correlativity between fine motion ability and the sensation ability of ROM.Conclusions The ROM sensation and the fine motion ability of MR are much lower than normal children's.