下呼吸道感染病原菌的分布及耐药性分析

目的了解下呼吸道感染患者的痰培养病原菌分布及耐药性，指导临床合理用药。方法用Microscan A／s-4细菌鉴定及药敏测试仪对从下呼吸道分离出的1440株病原菌进行鉴定和药敏试验并对其结果进行统计分析。结果痰培养阳性率为36．54％，分离菌株中，以革兰阴性杆菌为主，占75．56％，其次为革兰阳性球菌占12．43％，真菌占12．01％；检出前五位的病原菌都是革兰阴性杆菌，依次为铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、阴沟肠杆菌，革兰阳性球菌中，以金黄色葡萄球菌为主，其次为凝固酶阴性的葡萄球菌。细菌多表现为多重耐药性。结论临床应根据病原菌的种类进行药敏试验，合理选择抗生素，以减少耐药性。

Pathogenic distribution and drug resistance analysis with lower respiratory tract infection

Objective To understand sputum-cultivated pathogenic bacterium distribution and drug resistance analysis on patients suffered from lower respiratory tract infection, and to guide the rational drug administration in clinic. Methods Using the Microscan A/s-4 to identify the bacterium and microbial sensitivity tests according 1440 strains of pathogens from the lower respiratory tract, and making a statistical analysis of it. Resalts The postive rate of sputum cultivation was 36.54%. The gram negative bacteria was main pathogenic bacterium among the isolated bacteria, accounting for 75.56%, the gram positive bacteria accounting for 12. 43% and Fungus accounting for 12. 01%. The anterior bacterium of positive rate were Pseudomonas aerugi- nosa, Acinetohacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae among the gram negative bacteria. The main pathogenic bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus, next was Coagulase negative staphylococcus. Drug resistance caused increased resistance to many kinds of antibiotics. Conclusion Drug resistance test should be carried out according to the variety of pathogenic bacteria so as to guide rational use of antibiotics.