天津市变应性鼻炎变应原分析

目的了解近年天津市变应性鼻炎(AR)患者的变应原分布。方法使用标准化皮肤点刺原液阿罗格试剂,对527例拟诊AR患者进行检测。结果吸入性变应原:粉尘螨(58.7%)、屋尘螨(56.0%)、白色念珠菌(31.7%)、胶乳(23.6%)、烟曲霉(19.5%)、特异青霉(18.8%)、霉菌I(17.5%)、艾蒿(17.5%);食物性变应原:小虾(9.1%)、鲤鱼(8.4%)、大鳌虾(8.2%)、柑橘(5.4%)、核桃(4.8%)、花生(4.5%)、欧芹(4.1%)、桃子(4.1%)。患者以19～59岁居多,持续性中重度型占59.0%。"+++"级占39.9%。有家族史、哮喘组变应原阳性率及阳性强弱与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义。结论尘螨是近年天津市AR的首要变应原,其次是真菌、乳胶,花粉排序相对靠后;食物性变应原阳性率低,海产品排序靠前。AR患者以青中年、持续性中重度为主,阳性等级以"+++"为主,阳性强弱与家族史、哮喘显著相关。

Analysis of sensitization to allergen in Tianjin patients with allergic rhinitis

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine which allergens were prevalent in patients with AR in Tianjin in recently years.METHODS A total of 527 cases with allergic symptoms and signs,tested by standardized antigens provided by Allergopharma Company,were enrolled in our research.RESULTS The percent of patients with positive skin tests about aeroallergens was as follows： Dermatophagoides farinae（58.7%）,Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus（56.0%）,Candida albicans（31.7%）,Latex（23.6%）,Aspergillus fumigatus（19.5%）,Penicillium notatum（18.8%）,Moulds I（17.5%）,Mugwort（17.5%）;The percent of patients with positive skin tests about phagoallergens was as follows： Shrimp（9.1%）,Carp（8.4%）,Lobster（8.2%） Clementine（5.4%）,Walnut（4.8%）,Peanut（4.5%）,Parsley（4.1%）,Peach（4.1%）.The patients with AR in Tianjin were mainly young or middle-aged subjects.The type of persistent and moderate to severe AR was 59.0%.The ＂＋＋＋＂ degree of positive reaction was 39.9%.The degree of positive reaction was significantly related to family history and history of asthma.CONCLUSION Dermatophagoides is the primary aeroallergens of AR in Tianjin in recently years,and the later are Fungus,Latex.The Pollens are not frequent in Tianjin.The percent of phagoallergens positive reaction is low,and the seafood is the main allergens.The patients with AR in Tianjin are mainly in young and middle-aged subjects,and the main type is persistent and moderate to severe.The most common positive intensity of allergen is ＂＋＋＋＂.The degree of positive reaction relates to family history and history of asthma.