Psychological distress and depressed mood in employees with asthma, chronic bronchitis or emphysema: A population-based observational study on prevalence and the relationship with smoking cigarettes |
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Authors: | Edwin J Wagena IJmert Kant Marcus JH Huibers Ludovic GPM van Amelsvoort Gerard MH Swaen Emiel FM Wouters Constant P van Schayck |
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Institution: | Department of General Practice, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, The Netherlands. edwin.wagena@hag.unimaas.nl |
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Abstract: | OBJECTIVES: To evaluate if employees with asthma, chronic bronchitis or emphysema can be characterized as a population of patients with a high prevalence of psychological distress and/or depressed mood. Above all, we wanted to examine the influence of smoking status on the relationship between chronic disease and psychological distress/depressed mood. METHODS: A postal survey was conducted among 12,103 employees participating in the Maastricht Cohort Study. RESULTS: Smoking employees, who reported having asthma, chronic bronchitis or emphysema were more likely to report suffering from depressed mood compared to smokers with no long-lasting disease (prevalence rate, PR: 29.3 and 9.0%, respectively; OR for depressed mood = 4.04; 95% CI: 2.56-6.39) and when compared to smoking employees with a history of heart disease, hypertension or myocardial infarction (PR: 18.1%; OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.07-3.68), or rheumatoid arthritis (PR: 20.1%; OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 0.96-3.11). CONCLUSION: These findings provide health care professionals with additional evidence regarding the importance for including the assessment of psychological distress and depressed mood in the routine evaluation of the patient with asthma, chronic bronchitis or emphysema, especially with regard to smoking cessation. |
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Keywords: | Asthma COPD Depressed mood Psychological distress Respiratory disease Smoking Smoking cessation |
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