医疗保险中的风险管理

医疗保险制度中的风险管理策略包括对疾病风险的识别态度，估测和度量疾病风险的技术，选择疾病风险的管理方式，以及对疾病风险管理效果的评价和认识，它对于促进卫生资源的公平分配和有效利用有重要的意义。本结合医疗保险制度中的“三角四方”关系对国内外医疗保险制度中宏观、中观和微观层次的风险管理策略进行了概要分析，指出了我国医疗保险制度改革中存在着对市场功能的局限性认识不足、基层医疗机构的预防功能日益萎缩和缺乏对医院进行监督和制约的有效机制等问题。提出了将医疗保险逐步从社会保险中分化出来，并从筹资总量、基本医疗服务的界定、保险金的偿付比例和限额等方面确保基本医疗的保障水平等方案及下一步的研究重点。

Risk Management in Medical Insurance

Risk management strategy of medical insurance includes recognition attitude, evaluation and assessment technology, selection of management methods of disease risks, and cognition and review of risk management effect. It is important for promoting distribution equity and effective utilization of health resources. The article described the relationship among the three angles and four aspects in medical insurance system, explained the risk management strategy and summarized different strategies of representative countries. It also pointed out main problems in medical insurance system reformation of China, provided feasible schemes for relevant problems and indicated the research direction to solve them.