肠内营养支持治疗腹部手术后胃瘫患者的护理

目的探讨肠内营养（EN）支持治疗腹部手术后胃瘫的护理方法及效果。方法经确诊的8例腹部手术后胃瘫患者采用经胃镜置入螺旋型鼻胃肠管行EN,配合胃肠减压、药物应用等治疗措施,同时加强对患者心理护理及营养支持治疗的指导。观察前白蛋白及淋巴细胞计数等营养状况的变化及并发症发生情况。结果 8例患者鼻胃肠营养管留置时间为9～21 d（13±4.13 d）。应用EN 2周后患者血清营养学指标均较EN 1周后提高（P〈0.05）,所有患者胃肠功能均恢复,无再次手术,未见相关并发症发生。结论腹部手术后早期行EN可提高胃瘫患者营养状况和机体免疫功能,可以缩短胃瘫的病程。采用鼻胃肠营养管泵入EN的方法既符合生理要求,又能减少并发症的发生。

Nursing Care for Enteral Nutrition Support in Patients with Postoperative Gastroparesis

Objective To explore the nursing care for enteral nutrition（EN） in patients with gastroparesis after abdominal surgery. Methods Eight patients with gastroparesis after abdominal surgery were assigned to nasogastric tube feeding for EN support. In addition, patients were given gastrointestinal decompression, drug treatment, and guidance for psychological care and nutritional support. Prealbumin level, lymphocyte count and complications were recorded. Results Indwelling time of nasogastric tube was （13±4.13）days （range, 9 to 21 days）. Serum nutrition indicators were significantly improved 2 weeks after EN compared with 1 week after EN（P〈0.05）. All patients achieved recovery of gastrointestinal function without reoperation and complications. Conclusions Early postoperative EN may improve the nutritional status and immune function and shorten the course of disease in patients with gastroparesis after abdominal surgery. Nasogastric tube feeding for EN support can meet the physical requirements and reduce the complications.