构建SD大鼠"腹壁反射-脊髓中枢-膀胱"人工反射弧的解剖学观察和功能基础的实验研究

目的 为构建SD大鼠"腹壁反射一脊髓一膀胱"人工反射弧研究提供解剖和功能依据.方法 对10只SD大鼠麻醉后进行T13和S2神经的解剖,同时通过神经电生理对T13和S2神经进行功能鉴定.SD大鼠肋骨左右共13对,其中最靠远侧端的一对浮肋为T13肋,解剖分离T13肋下的T13肋间神经,向椎间孔方向追踪T13脊神经及其前后根.通过刺激下腹壁记录T13神经根的动作电位,同时记录不刺激时T13神经根的自发神经放电作为对照.骶神经左右共4对,手术显微镜下分离S2脊神经前后根.通过刺激S2神经根记录膀胱神经丛动作电位和膀胱平滑肌肌电,同时记录不刺激时S2神经根的自发神经放电作为对照.并将T13前根近端与S2前根远端通过一段尾神经在硬膜囊内行显微缝合,保持T13后根完整,建立"腹壁反射一脊髓一膀胱"人工膀胱反射弧.结果 在解剖上,T13前根直径约0.4mm,S2前根直径约0.3mm,两者直径相近,且均位于腹内侧,无脊神经节.在功能上,T13肋间神经主要支配下腹壁的感觉和运动,S2神经是主要支配膀胱的脊神经.通过刺激.两者均产生相似的动作电位波形.可将T13前根近端与S2前根远端通过一段尾神经在硬膜囊内行显微缝合,同时,保持T13后根完整,建立"腹壁反射-脊髓-膀胱"人工反射弧.结论 SD大鼠T13和S2神经根的解剖和功能特点是建立"腹壁反射-脊髓-膀胱"人工反射弧的动物实验模型的基础.

An experimental study on anatomical observation and functional foundation of construction of "abdominal wall-spinal cord center-bladder" artificial reflex arc in SD rat

Objectives To provide anatomical and functional basis for the construction of abdomina I "wall -spinal cord center-bladder" reflex are in SD rat. Methods T13 and S2 nerve were dissected on 10 SD rats af-ter anaesthesia,and Carried on the function appraisal by the neuroelectricity physiology. There were 13 pairs costal bones in SD rat in total. The TI3 was the most far-end costa fluctuantes. The TI3 intercostal nerve was dissected un-der the T13 costal bones. T13 spinal nerve was traced to the intervertebral hole direction until its ventral root and dor-sal root were found. The netive potential of T13 nerve root was recorded by stimulating The abdominal wall, while the TI3 nerve rent's spentaneo neural discharge was recorded as the comparison without stimulation. There were 4 pairs sacral nervos. The ventral root and dorsal root of $2 spinal nerve were dissoeted under microscope. The active poten-tial of plexus vesica and the myeelectricity of bladder smooth muscle were reenrded by stimulating S2 nerve .root, while the S2 nerve root's spontaneous neural discharge was recorded as the comparison without stimulation. Then, it was a-chieved by intradural microanastomosis of the left T13 ventral root was anastomosed under microscope to S2 ventral root by autogenous nerve grafting intraduraly, with the left T13 dorsal root remaining intact. Results In anatomy,the diameter of T13' s ventral root was about 0.4ram,and the diameter of S2 ' s ventral root was about O. 3mm. Both of diameters were close,and both of ventral roots located at ventralis medialis and had no spinal ganglion. In func-tion, the TI3 intercostal nerve mainly dominated the abdominal wall's feeling and the movement,and the S2 nerve mainly dominated bladder function. Both of them can produce the similar figures by stimulation. So,it can be achieved by intradural microanastomosis of the left TI3 ventral root was anastomosed under microscope to S2 ventral root by an-togenous nerve grafting intraduraly, with the left TI3 dorsal root remaining intact. Then, "the abdominal wall-spinal cord center-bladder" artificial reflex was constructed. Conclusions The anatomical and functional characteris-tic of TI3 and S2 nerve root is the foundation to eoastruct "the abdominal wall-spinal cord center-bladder" artifi-cial reflex in SD rat.