阴道无张力尿道悬吊术和阔筋膜尿道悬吊术治疗压力性尿失禁的疗效比较

目的对阴道无张力尿道悬吊(TVT)术和阔筋膜尿道悬吊术的方法和疗效进行比较。方法对1999年11月至2003年5月住院的67例压力性尿失禁患者,随机分为两组,采用自体阔筋膜带,经下腹、阴道联合切口行尿道近端和膀胱颈悬吊术19例(阔筋膜组);采用无张力聚丙烯网带,经阴道下腹微创切口行TVT术48例(TVT组)。对两种手术的麻醉方式、手术时间、术中出血、术后疼痛、术后留置尿管时间、住院时间、手术耗材费用、术后并发症和疗效进行比较。结果术后3个月治愈率,阔筋膜组为95%(18/19),TVT组为94%(45/48)。手术时间,阔筋膜组为(125±13)min,TVT组为(27±5)min;术中出血,阔筋膜组为(67±11)ml,TVT组为(27±6)ml;术后平均住院时间,阔筋膜组为72d,TVT组为18d。两组上述各项指标比较,差异均有极显著意义(P<001)。阔筋膜组术中无膀胱损伤,TVT组发生1例。术后随访,阔筋膜组平均为37个月,TVT组为20个月。阔筋膜组疗效逐渐下降1例,TVT组发生膀胱过度活动症2例。结论阔筋膜尿道悬吊术和TVT术均是治疗女性压力性尿失禁的有效方式,其中TVT术创伤小、并发症少、术后恢复快。

Comparative study of tension-free vaginal tape and fascia lata for stress urinary incontinence

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of surgically managing stress urinary incontinence (SUI) with tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) and autologous fascia lata pubovaginal sling (Lata). METHODS: Sixty-seven patients suffering from SUI entered this prospective study. The patients were divided into two groups randomly, 48 in TVT group and 19 in Lata group. The average follow-up time post-operation was 20 months in TVT group and 37 months in Lata group. RESULTS: The operating time was (27 +/- 5) min in TVT and (125 +/- 13) min in Lata. The volume of blood loss during surgery was: (27 +/- 6) ml in TVT and (67 +/- 11) ml in Lata. The post-operative recovery period in the hospital was: TVT, 1.8 days and Lata, 7.2 days. The differences between the two groups for these three parameters were statistically significant (P < 0.01). The 3-month cure rate post-operations was 94% (45/48) for TVT and 95% (18/19) for Lata. The surgical complications included 1 case of vesical perforation and 2 cases of overactive bladder in TVT group. CONCLUSIONS: TVT and Lata are both effective and safe surgical treatments for stress urinary incontinence. TVT has the benefits of being minimally invasive with a shorter operating time and a quicker recovery for the patients. A disadvantage is that the tape used in TVT is expensive, making the operation rather costly. Lata on the other hand is cheaper and may result in fewer complications, but the operation is not as easy for the patient.