儿童急性肝衰竭的诊疗进展

急性肝衰竭（acute liver failure，ALF）是一种严重的累及多个系统的临床综合征，在短时间内出现严重的肝功能损伤，并有脑水肿、肝性脑病、多器官衰竭等并发症的出现，病死率极高。ALF在儿童中的确切发生率还不清楚，在需要肝移植的儿童患者中，ALF的患者占10％～15％。对儿童ALF的诊断和治疗，缺乏大规模、多中心的临床研究。目前儿童ALF的诊疗方案，主要来源于成人ALF的经验。但是，儿童ALF的病因、临床特点、发病机制等都有别于成人ALF，因此有必要对儿童ALF进行专门的探讨。本文就儿童ALF的诊疗进展作一综述。

The diagnosis and treatment for acute liver failure in children

Acute liver failure（ALF）is a multi-systemic disorder with severe impairment of liver function,and complicated with encephaledema,hepatic encephalopathy,and multiple organ dysfunction in a short time.Its true incidence in the pediatric population is unknown,but ALF accounts for 10 to 15% of all pediatric liver transplantations.The multi-center clinical studies for ALF in children are rare.So the management of ALF in children has relied on extrapolation from adult data.But the clinical features of ALF in children are distinguished with the adult＇s.This paper reviews the current knowledge of the definition,causes,clinical manifestation,diagnosis and treatment for ALF in children.