Safety of classical swine fever virus vaccine strain LOM in pregnant sows and their offspring |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Military Veterinary, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, China;2. Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China;3. College of Life Science, Foshan University, Foshan, China;4. College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China;5. China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, National Classical Swine Fever Reference Laboratory, Beijing, China;6. Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States;7. Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China |
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| Abstract: | The present study aimed to evaluate the safety of the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) vaccine strain LOM in pregnant sows. Pregnant sows with free CSFV antibody were inoculated with a commercial LOM vaccine during early pregnancy (day 38; n = 3) or mid-pregnancy (days 49–59; n = 11). In pregnant sows vaccinated during the early stages of gestation, abortion (day 109) was observed in one case, with two stillbirths and seven mummified fetuses. The viability of live-born piglets was 34.9% in sows vaccinated during mid-pregnancy compared with 81.8% in the control group. Post-mortem examination of the organs of the sows and piglets did not reveal any pathological lesions caused by CSFV; however, CSFV RNA was detected in the organs of several vaccinated sows and their litters. The LOM strain was transmitted from sows with free CSFV antibody to their fetus, but did not appear to induce immune tolerance in the offspring from vaccinated pregnant sows. Side effects were not observed in pregnant sows with antibody to the LOM strain: transmission from sow to their litters and stillbirth or mummified fetuses. The LOM strain may induce sterile immunity and provide rapid, long-lasting, and complete protection against CSFV; however, it should be contraindicated in pregnant sows due to potential adverse effects in pregnant sows with free CSFV antibody. |
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| Keywords: | Classical swine fever virus LOM strain Pregnant sows Safety |
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